上皮性卵巢癌腹膜后淋巴结复发:预后因素和治疗结局

2021-01-23 陈亮 张师前 张师前公众号

T. Levy等对2000年至2015年在以色列伊迪丝.沃尔夫森医学中心接受治疗和随访的复发性卵巢癌、腹膜癌或输卵管癌患者进行了回顾性分析。根据首次复发的部位将患者分为3类:IP复发、RL

 T. Levy等对2000年至2015年在以色列伊迪丝.沃尔夫森医学中心接受治疗和随访的复发性卵巢癌、腹膜癌或输卵管癌患者进行了回顾性分析。根据首次复发的部位将患者分为3类:IP复发、RLN复发和IP并RLN联合复发。排除标准为:交界性肿瘤、实质脏器内复发、初次开腹手术后拒绝辅助化疗的患者、复发部位不明和失访的患者。评价指标为无进展生存期(PFS)、复发后生存时间(PRS)和总存活时间(OS)。连续变量间的差异使用t检验或U检验进行评估。分类变量比较采用卡方检验。生存率分析采用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Logrank检验。

249名患者中135名患者符合纳入标准,根据复发部位分为三组:IP复发组66例,RLN复发组30例,IP+RLN联合复发组39例。病理特征为:卵巢癌(67.4%)、浆液性癌(81.5%)和低分化癌(75.6%)占多数。大多数患者被诊断为III期(82.2%)和IV期(11.1%)。63%的患者为铂敏感复发。RLN复发组初诊时、治疗结束时和首次复发时CA125水平均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。129名(95.6%)患者接受了细胞减灭术(51.9%)或新辅助化疗后细胞减灭术(43.7%)。62例(45.9%)行盆腔淋巴结清扫术,34例(25.2%)行腹主动脉旁淋巴结清扫术;55.8%的患者术后肉眼无残留病灶,28.7%残留病灶>1cm。

所有患者均一线接受卡铂和紫杉醇联合治疗,复发后接受多种化疗方案化疗。RLN复发组的中位数为5种不同的化疗方案,而其他组的中位数为3种。RLN复发组接受4种或更多化疗方案的患者(20/30,66.7%)明显多于IP组和联合复发组[29/66(43.9%)和18/39(46.15%)](P=0.02)。中位随访时间45.8个月。三组患者在一线化疗后的无进展生存期(PFS)没有显著差异,但在OS和PRS上有显著的差异。RLN复发组的中位OS是IP组和联合复发组的两倍多(分别为93.07±23.9、47.9±10.2和41.7±4.3个月),中位PRS也是后两组2倍多(分别为68.57±16.1、29.67±4.1和19.7±5.3个月)。

9例女性因复发接受二次细胞减灭术,5例在RLN复发组,3例在IP复发组,1例在联合复发组。在将这些患者排除在生存分析之外后,腹膜后复发组的PRS仍然显著长于其他组,分别为56.6个月和27.7个月和18.5个月(P<001)。在多变量Cox回归分析中,以下因素与PRS显著相关:确诊时的年龄、浆液性腺癌、低分化、铂敏感型复发、复发时的CA125水平和复发部位。

与腹腔内复发的患者相比,RLN单独复发患者具有更长的PRS和OS;这与既往研究相符。在初治时,50%-70%的患者会发现淋巴结转移。然而,RLN单独复发较少,约占复发病例的3%-34%。本研究证实RLN复发患者的PRS和OS显著强于IP复发和联合复发患者;即使不行手术,RLN复发患者的预后也是显著强于后两者。作者认为:初次复发为IP复发的患者有更高的风险发生肠梗阻,可导致生存率降低。实际上,在30例RLN复发的患者中,14例后续发生腹膜内转移的患者均死亡,中位死亡时间为14.2个月。这与联合复发组19.7个月的PRS相似。升高的CA125水平可以部分反映肿瘤负荷,也可能是原因之一。RLN复发组CA125水平在诊断时、初治结束时和复发诊断时均显著低于其他组。然而,CA125水平的差异不仅与肿瘤负荷有关,而且与转移部位有关,可能因受累器官不同而不同。另一种解释可能是对化疗的反应。虽然所有组对初次化疗的反应没有差异,但与IP组和联合复发组相比,RLN复发组有更多的患者(66.7%)接受了4个以上化疗方案的治疗。

本研究表明卵巢癌的复发部位是重要的、独立的、影响生存的预后因素。大多数RLN复发的患者,只在淋巴结区域复发,没有腹腔内扩散,与IP复发患者相比,病程缓慢,5年生存率更高;分析还表明RLN复发患者仅采用化疗也可获得更好的预后。

《GynecologyOncology》2020年2月

 

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    2021-01-24 sodoo
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    2021-01-24 xuyong530

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