Lancet:艾滋病相关原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤病例

2017-04-10 MedSci MedSci原创

报道了一例艾滋病相关原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤病例

一个54岁的男子患有艾滋病,乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎且没有接受抗逆转录病毒治疗,于2014年6月入院,有2周的头痛,幻觉和混乱病史。检查发现患者对时间和地点无辨识能力,但没有发现神经系统病变。

入院血液检测结果正常:入院时CD4 T细胞计数为679/μL、EBV血清学检查为阴性。头颅CT显示,存在穿过中线的额叶病变;MRI显示病变细胞密度高。全身CT无其他疾病,PET CT检查未进行。活检表明该病变可能为原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤。在未开始淋巴瘤治疗前,患者病情迅速恶化并于1周后死亡。

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤为非霍奇金淋巴瘤的罕见变异。其发病的主要因素是免疫缺陷,如HIV感染风险;在其他人群包括受移植者,老年人,和那些具有自身免疫性疾病或免疫缺陷病史的患者。由于抗逆转录病毒疗法HIV相关的原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤的发病率大幅下降。该病的发病机制知之甚少很可能与EBV感染,有54%的患者发生TBL1XR1转录调节,CD79B受体和MyD88适配器蛋白突变。

原发性中枢神经系统淋巴瘤通常表现为在大脑或脊柱单发实性占位病变,但也可导致眼玻璃体腔脑膜浸润。诊断方法为有针对性的脑活检,脑脊液分析可以揭示恶性淋巴样细胞或病毒DNA。该病预后差,进展迅速,如果未经治疗患者一般1 - 2个月内死亡的。全身化疗(主要是大剂量静脉注射甲氨蝶呤和类固醇)以及抗逆转录病毒治疗可延长患者生存期至17-45个月。

原文出处:

Sumit J Karia et al. AIDS-related primary CNS lymphoma. The Lancet 2017-4-6.

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    2017-05-02 howi
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    2017-04-15 leewj86

    病例分析,全面且首次报道。

    0

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