PLoS Med:Meta分析家庭血压监测有助于风险分层

2014-02-07 佚名 不详

根据一项最新的Meta分析,对于在一些常规环境(例如医生办公室)中看似血压正常的人,家庭血压监测可以极大地提高其风险分层。对于那些血压水平处于理想、正常、正常高值水平的人以及轻度高血压患者来说,家庭血压监测有助于识别心血管、心脏和脑血管事件,改善一级预防。该研究2014年1月21日发表于PLoS Medicine杂志。 Kei Asayama博士(比利时Leuven大学)和同事们在论文中写道

根据一项最新的Meta分析,对于在一些常规环境(例如医生办公室)中看似血压正常的人,家庭血压监测可以极大地提高其风险分层。对于那些血压水平处于理想、正常、正常高值水平的人以及轻度高血压患者来说,家庭血压监测有助于识别心血管、心脏和脑血管事件,改善一级预防。该研究2014年1月21日发表于PLoS Medicine杂志。

Kei Asayama博士(比利时Leuven大学)和同事们在论文中写道,我们的研究发现家庭血压监测可大幅改进无/轻度风险升高的正常血压人群的风险分层水平;相反,在重度高血压患者中,家庭血压监测(自测)没有改善对死亡或心血管并发症的预测水平。

研究简介

目前高血压的诊断、管理以及指南推荐的风险分层都是基于传统的诊室血压进行的。然而,家测血压可以更准确地反映患者预后结局,避免了“白大衣效应”。家庭血压对于风险分层有何影响呢?研究人员进行了一项荟萃分析。

在本项Meta分析中,研究人员从5个未经降压药物治疗的人群中纳入了5008个参与者(女性:56.6%,平均年龄:57.1岁),来源于IDHOCO国际数据库(International Database of Home Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcome)。进行多变量分析,计算家测收缩压每增加10mmHg时的心血管、心脏和脑血管事件风险比(HR)。

理想血压:<120/<80 mmHg

正常血压:120-129/80-84 mmHg

正常高值:130-139/85-89 mmHg

轻度高血压:140-159/90-99 mmHg

严重高血压:≥160/≥100 mmHg

研究结果显示,在8.3年随访期间,522人死亡,心血管、心脏和脑血管事件分别为414、225和194例。

在常规环境中,理想或正常血压者其家测收缩压每增加10mmHg,心血管疾病风险(复合终点)分别增高28%(HR:1.28,1.01-1.62)和22%(HR:1.22,1.00-1.49)。

正常高值和轻度高血压者其家测收缩压每增加10mmHg,心血管疾病风险分别增高24%(HR:1.24,1.03-1.49)和20%(HR:1.20,1.06-1.37),卒中风险分别增高33%(HR:1.33,1.07-1.65)和30%(HR:1.30,1.09-1.56)。

严重高血压患者,风险无显著增加(p≥0.20)。

家庭血压监测还能发现隐匿性高血压患者。诊室血压处于理想、正常和正常高值者,隐匿性高血压分别为5.0%、18.4%和30.3%.与真正地理想血压者相比,隐匿性高血压患者心血管事件风险增加了2倍以上(2.3倍,1.5-3.5)。

研究评论

Mark Caulfield博士(英国伦敦大学)在随刊评论中指出,这一研究结果非常重要。因为家庭血压监测可以完善那些降压药物治疗不当者的风险分层,例如血压正常和正常高值者。

使用电子家庭血压监测仪器将数据直接传输到医生办公室,可能有助于提高成本效益,实现快速诊断和治疗,并节省咨询时间。此外,还可以使患者参与到血压评估和医疗决策中来。现在,智能手机的家庭血压监测应用程序可实现数据自动上传并显示随时间推移的血压变化趋势,从而帮助旅行者进行远程咨询,大大节省了患者和医护人员的时间。

原文出处:

Asayama K1, Thijs L2, Brguljan-Hitij J3, Niiranen TJ4, Hozawa A5, Boggia J6, Aparicio LS7, Hara A2, Johansson JK8, Ohkubo T9, Tzourio C10, Stergiou GS11, Sandoya E12, Tsuji I13, Jula AM8, Imai Y14, Staessen JA15; International Database of Home Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcome (IDHOCO) investigators.Risk Stratification by Self-Measured Home Blood Pressure across Categories of Conventional Blood Pressure: A Participant-Level Meta-Analysis.PLoS Med. 2014 Jan;11(1):e1001591. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001591. Epub 2014 Jan 21. 【原文下载】

Mark Caulfield.Home Blood Pressure Monitoring: New Evidence for an Expanded Role .PLoS Med.January 21, 2014DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001592【原文下载】

 

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    2014-05-06 guojianrong
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    2014-06-09 一闲
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    2014-02-07 220.181.73.68

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