JCI:棕色脂肪组织有助于改善代谢和葡萄糖耐量

2012-12-26 JCI 互联网 zhihui_li

Joslin糖尿病中心的科学家们证实棕色脂肪组织(BAT)对葡萄糖耐量、体重以及代谢均有有益影响。这些研究发现将发表于即将出版的《临床研究杂志》(Journal of Clinical Investigation),有可能带来新的糖尿病治疗方法。 与较为普遍的用于储存脂肪的白色脂肪组织(WAT或白脂肪)不同,BAT(或棕色脂肪)主要是燃烧脂肪用以产生热。在小鼠和人身上的研究已经表明BAT在调节体

Joslin糖尿病中心的科学家们证实棕色脂肪组织(BAT)对葡萄糖耐量、体重以及代谢均有有益影响。这些研究发现将发表于即将出版的《临床研究杂志》(Journal of Clinical Investigation),有可能带来新的糖尿病治疗方法。

与较为普遍的用于储存脂肪的白色脂肪组织(WAT或白脂肪)不同,BAT(或棕色脂肪)主要是燃烧脂肪用以产生热。在小鼠和人身上的研究已经表明BAT在调节体重和代谢过程中也起到一定作用。这也使得BAT成为科学家们和制药公司感兴趣的一个焦点,他们正在研究如何利用BAT来治疗肥胖。

Joslin的研究人员对于BAT是否有参与葡萄糖代谢非常感兴趣,同时也揭示了BAT对代谢和体重产生影响的根本机制。研究将来自于雄性供体小鼠的BAT移植到标准脂肪或高脂肪饲喂小鼠的内腹腔。

移植后8-12周,给予BAT移植小鼠正常饮食显示葡萄糖耐量提高,并增加了胰岛素敏感性,降低了体重以及减少了脂肪量。三个对照组分别接受如下处理:移植WAT,植入玻璃珠,手术但不移植,这三组没有显示有任何的代谢改善。论文第一作者、生理和代谢研究综合科的博士后KristinI.Stanford博士(PhD)说:“我们能够建立BAT移植影响代谢(的模型)。该研究进一步提供证据表明BAT是一个非常重要的代谢器官,同时对于肥胖相关疾病来说,比如糖尿病,代谢综合征以及胰岛素抵抗,BAT也是一个潜在的治疗方法。”

饲喂高脂肪的小鼠也显示从BAT移植中获益,包括改善糖代谢,减轻体重,以及一个彻底的胰岛素抵抗逆转,从而引起多余脂肪的消耗。以前的BAT移植小鼠是在不同的地方移植BAT,且持续时间较短,当时的研究并没有显示出有获益。

移植的BAT可以影响全身的代谢,这一过程是通过提高循环中的白介素-6(IL-6)水平而得以实现的。研究人员也发现BAT移植可以增加去甲肾上腺素和FGF-21。之前已有研究证实IL-6可以增加能量的产生并降低体重。当研究人员将BAT从不产生IL-6的基因工程供体小鼠移植给受体小鼠时,受体小鼠并没有显示有代谢改善。论文资深作者、生理和代谢研究综合科主任LaurieJ.Goodyear博士(PhD)说:“这是第一次通过研究证实增加BAT可以显着增加循环中的IL-6含量水平。这也表明BAT源性的IL-6增加可以改善全身的葡萄糖代谢。”

研究人员正在紧接着研究“寻找其他可能对代谢有益的BAT,并进一步研究IL-6和其它BAT源性激素的功能”,Dr.Goodyear说。Dr.Stanford正在研究BAT和1型糖尿病(T1D)之间的关系,根据合作者的数据来看,BAT可能有助于T1D患者控制血糖。

Dr.Goodyear和研究小组对将他们的研究发现进而转化形成新的糖尿病治疗方法非常感兴趣。Dr.Goodyear表示:“我们希望对BAT的调控能有助于1型和2型糖尿病患者”。

doi:10.1172/JCI62308
PMC:
PMID:

Brown adipose tissue regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity

Kristin I. Stanford, Roeland J.W. Middelbeek, Kristy L. Townsend, Ding An, Eva B. Nygaard, Kristen M. Hitchcox, Kathleen R. Markan, Kazuhiro Nakano, Michael F. Hirshman, Yu-Hua Tseng and Laurie J. Goodyear

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to function in the dissipation of chemical energy in response to cold or excess feeding, and also has the capacity to modulate energy balance. To test the hypothesis that BAT is fundamental to the regulation of glucose homeostasis, we transplanted BAT from male donor mice into the visceral cavity of age- and sex-matched recipient mice. By 8–12 weeks following transplantation, recipient mice had improved glucose tolerance, increased insulin sensitivity, lower body weight, decreased fat mass, and a complete reversal of high-fat diet–induced insulin resistance. Increasing the quantity of BAT transplanted into recipient mice further improved the metabolic effects of transplantation. BAT transplantation increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in vivo into endogenous BAT, white adipose tissue (WAT), and heart muscle but, surprisingly, not skeletal muscle. The improved metabolic profile was lost when the BAT used for transplantation was obtained from Il6–knockout mice, demonstrating that BAT-derived IL-6 is required for the profound effects of BAT transplantation on glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. These findings reveal a previously under-appreciated role for BAT in glucose metabolism.


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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1981960, encodeId=28ea19819606e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=12c010266f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JCI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=18, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10266, encryptionId=12c010266f0, topicName=JCI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5e30378, createdName=caobinglei8079, createdTime=Fri Jun 21 06:52:00 CST 2013, time=2013-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=5344, encodeId=fe705344ff, content=Thanks for your tuhotghs. It's helped me a lot., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=Andres, createdTime=Mon Jan 07 21:29:00 CST 2013, time=2013-01-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1345718, encodeId=87b01345e180a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f8c5843e3c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脂肪组织#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84373, encryptionId=f8c5843e3c5, topicName=脂肪组织)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=66962500501, createdName=yige2004, createdTime=Fri Dec 28 07:52:00 CST 2012, time=2012-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1500561, encodeId=06f21500561f9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b2cbe6849b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖耐量#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76849, encryptionId=b2cbe6849b2, topicName=糖耐量)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0e659435909, createdName=fengxx, createdTime=Fri Dec 28 07:52:00 CST 2012, time=2012-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1546958, encodeId=40871546958df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=10d3626186f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#棕色脂肪组织#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62618, encryptionId=10d3626186f, topicName=棕色脂肪组织)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=eb5613964354, createdName=ms7524819409032184, createdTime=Fri Dec 28 07:52:00 CST 2012, time=2012-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-01-07 Andres

    Thanks for your tuhotghs. It's helped me a lot.

    0

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    2012-12-28 fengxx
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