Journal of stroke-脑中风取栓后,行纤维蛋白酶辅助治疗, 安全性和有效性如何?

2021-08-03 Freeman MedSci原创

脑中风取栓后,行纤维蛋白酶辅助治疗, 安全性和有效性如何?

对于脑中风,尽管最近在技术疗效(technical efficacy)方面取得了进展,但不完全和失败的再灌注结果仍然是一个重要的问题。这还会间接降低机械血栓切除术(MT)的临床效益。

尽管脑梗塞溶栓(TICI)3级再灌注率不断提高,但在半数以上接受MT治疗的患者中,存在再灌注不完全或没有建立再灌注的情况。潜在的抢救策略包括颅内支架植入、机械清除远端小血栓和服用抗血小板或纤维蛋白溶解剂。


更新后的2019年美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会指南指出,使用抢救性技术辅助手段,包括动脉内(IA)溶栓,以达到mTICI 2b/3级血管造影结果可能是合理的。

根据最近的一项调查,39%的受访者表示在MT过程中根据个人情况使用IA重组组织蛋白酶原激活剂(TPA)。观察数据表明,在MT期间使用IA纤维蛋白溶解剂作为选定患者的治疗选择,可能会改善再灌注。

然而,关于症状性颅内出血(symptomatic ICH, sICH)评估方法不一致,其对再灌注改善的治疗效果,相关的证据仍然有限。

藉此,瑞士伯尔尼大学的 Johannes Kaesmacher等人,基于多中心的研究——来自10个欧洲三级护理中心。

该研究基于INtra-arterial FIbriNolytics In ThrombectomY (INFINITY),它是一个回顾性的多中心观察登记,记录了10个欧洲中心的前循环大血管闭塞缺血性卒中患者接受MT和IA纤维蛋白溶解剂(阿替普酶[组织蛋白酶原激活剂,TPA]或尿激酶[UK])辅助治疗的情况。

主要临床结果是根据欧洲合作急性中风研究II的定义,症状性颅内出血(symptomatic ICH, sICH)。

次要结果是死亡率和3个月时改良的Rankin量表(mRS)评分。

在筛选出的5612名患者中,有311人(中位年龄,74岁;44.1%为女性)在MT后或MT期间接受了额外的IA(194人MT+IA tPA,117人MT+IA UK)。

 

IA纤维蛋白溶解剂主要用于MT后脑梗塞(TICI)0-2b的抢救(80.4%,250/311)。308名患者中有27名发生了sICH(8. 8%),初始TICI0/1的患者风险增加(调整后的几率[aOR]=2.3;)。

在TICI0-2b的尝试性抢救的患者中,228名患者中的116名(50.9%)在IA纤维蛋白溶解剂后出现任何血管造影再灌注改善,这与mRS≤2有关(aOR,3.1;95%CI,1.4至6.9)。

该研究的重要意义在于发现了:尽管作为MT的辅助治疗,IA纤维蛋白溶解剂的使用很少,但可以改善再灌注,这与更好的结果有关。尽管存在选择偏倚,但似乎有可能增加sICH的风险,这强调了谨慎选择患者的重要性。

原文出处

Kaesmacher J, Abdullayev N, Maamari B, et al. Safety and Angiographic Efficacy of Intra-Arterial Fibrinolytics as Adjunct to Mechanical Thrombectomy: Results from the INFINITY Registry. J Stroke. 2021 Jan;23(1):91-102. doi: 10.5853/jos.2020.01788. Epub 2021 Jan 31. PMID: 33600706; PMCID: PMC7900401.

 
 
 
 

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    2022-02-23 canlab
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    2021-08-03 guging

    中风是俗称,应该称为缺血性卒中吧

    0

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