Neurology:冰毒来袭,青年卒中要警惕

2019-08-19 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

全球苯丙胺(冰毒)滥用越来越多,全世界估计3500万使用者。除了使用者越来越多以外,苯丙胺带来了巨大的疾病负担,由于苯丙胺依赖(amphetamine-class dependence)造成大约260万残疾-调整生活年丧失。苯丙胺是一种高度成瘾性滥用药物,与严重健康状况有关,包括神经精神毒性、心血管疾病和脑血管病。苯丙胺最严重的不良事件为卒中,特别是年轻人。发病率尚不清楚,但是年轻人的发病率逐年上


全球苯丙胺(冰毒)滥用越来越多,全世界估计3500万使用者。除了使用者越来越多以外,苯丙胺带来了巨大的疾病负担,由于苯丙胺依赖(amphetamine-class dependence)造成大约260万残疾-调整生活年丧失。苯丙胺是一种高度成瘾性滥用药物,与严重健康状况有关,包括神经精神毒性、心血管疾病和脑血管病。苯丙胺最严重的不良事件为卒中,特别是年轻人。发病率尚不清楚,但是年轻人的发病率逐年上升。年轻人卒中发病率升高是一项重要的健康问题,因为这会造成更高的生活-年丧失,劳动力减少,以及终身医疗保健费用增加。

脑出血是致死性的卒中,大部分幸存者长期残疾。苯丙胺与缺血性和出血性卒中有关,包括蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)和脑出血(ICH)。滥用苯丙胺使出血性卒中风险增加2-5倍,大部分出血性卒中为 ICH。苯丙胺导致出血性卒中风险的流行病资料已经得到确认,但是苯丙胺相关原发性 ICH 的临床表现以及对功能预后的影响尚不清楚。

2019年来自美国的Dionne E. Swor的功能在Neurology 上公布了他们的研究结果,目的在于比较苯丙胺暴露和不暴露原发性 ICH 的临床特征和预后。

苯丙胺-阳性(根据尿检毒物筛查或病史)ICH 患者比苯丙胺-阴性 ICH 患者更加年轻(52 vs 67,P< 0.001)。苯丙胺-阳性者舒张压更高(115 vs 101 mmHg,P = 0.003),平均动脉压更高(144 vs 129,P = 0.01),住院时间更长(18 vs 8天,P< 0.001),ICU 住院时间更长(10 vs 5天,P< 0.001),静脉使用降压药物的天数更长(5 vs 3天,P = 0.02),皮层下出血更常见(63% vs 46%,P = 0.05)。苯丙胺-阳性组的患者发病前 mRS 评分更低(P< 0.001),出院时 mRS 评分变化更大(P = 0.001)。在多因素分析中,苯丙胺能够预测住院时间(RR] 1.54, CI 1.39–1.70, p < 0.001)和 ICU 住院时间(RR 1.36, CI 1.18–1.56, p < 0.001),但是无法预测不良预后(mRS 4-6)。

最终作者认为苯丙胺阳性的 ICH 患者更加年轻,住院时间更长,神经功能变化更大,但是不能预测结局。

原始出处:

SWOR, DIONNE E,et al.Clinical characteristics and outcomes of methamphetamine-associated intracerebral hemorrhage.Neurology. 2019 Jul 2;93(1):e1-e7. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007666. Epub 2019 May 29.

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    2020-06-17 yinhl1978
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    2019-08-20 健健

    卒中虽然是临床上常见病,溶栓,取栓等血管内治疗也很成熟,但是仍然有很多未知问题有待认知!

    0

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    2019-08-19 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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