J Gastroenterol:预防胃癌 根除HP越早越好

2014-11-25 kingz1025 丁香园

幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)是胃癌的致病菌,根除HP的防癌作用近年来一直被关注。来自日本福渡市立医院的Take教授等在J Gastroenterol报道了他们团队的最新研究成果。 该团队过去曾做过相关研究,发现消化性溃疡患者通过HP根除治疗能够降低约1/3的胃癌发病风险(随访期平均3.4年)。本次研究仍然观察当初那个队列的受试群体,但随访期更长(平均9.9年)。 1222名消化性溃疡患者在

幽门螺旋杆菌(HP)是胃癌的致病菌,根除HP的防癌作用近年来一直被关注。来自日本福渡市立医院的Take教授等在J Gastroenterol报道了他们团队的最新研究成果。

该团队过去曾做过相关研究,发现消化性溃疡患者通过HP根除治疗能够降低约1/3的胃癌发病风险(随访期平均3.4年)。本次研究仍然观察当初那个队列的受试群体,但随访期更长(平均9.9年)。

1222名消化性溃疡患者在根除HP后,每年做一次内镜监测。排除标准包括曾行胃大部切除术;曾行内镜下EMR或ESD治疗胃早癌或腺瘤;孕妇;药物过敏;服用抗凝剂;在根除治疗1个月内服用过PPI、H2受体拮抗剂、NSAIDs等。

根除治疗的方法为:PPI+阿莫西林或PPI+以下药物任选两种(阿莫西林、克拉霉素、甲硝唑)。根除治疗成功的标准为:细菌培养、快速尿素酶试验和呼气试验均阴性。

结果发现,1030位患者根除治疗成功(根除成功组),192人失败(根除失败组)。根除失败组在随访约4.4年后再次行根除治疗,105人治疗成功。

根除成功组中发生胃癌21例(0.21%/年),根除失败组发生胃癌9例(0.45%/年)。前者患癌风险明显低于后者。根除成功组中最长间期(根除治疗完成至胃癌发病)为14.5年,根除失败组为13.7年。

该研究证实了HP根除治疗的胃癌预防作用能维持至少10年。对于溃疡患者来说,年龄小和胃黏膜萎缩程度轻是预防作用的重要影响因素。HP存在于胃黏膜时间越久,胃黏膜萎缩范围越广,程度越重。

该团队建议在胃黏膜萎缩前尽早根除HP,这样防癌效果最明显。另外,尽早根除HP的另一原因在于能够减少传染宿主,因为在日本HP的母婴传染最常见,在女性生育前就根除HP,能够加快人群感染率的下降。

但是研究者还发现,HP根除后并不能完全阻止胃癌的发生,有些患者在根除HP10年后依然发生了胃癌。所以说,未来仍需更深入的研究来明确已经根除HP的患者如何进行随访,如何在早期发现胃癌。

Take S1, Mizuno M, Ishiki K, Hamada F, Yoshida T, Yokota K, Okada H, Yamamoto K.Seventeen-year effects of eradicating Helicobacter pylori on the prevention of gastric cancer in patients with peptic ulcer; a prospective cohort study.J Gastroenterol. 2014 Oct 29. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-09-15 许安
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    2015-04-06 风铃830
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