JBC:上海交大冯雁研究团队解析鞘糖脂内切糖苷酶底物识别机制

2017-04-06 佚名 生物帮

近日,国际知名生物化学杂志《Journal of BioLogical Chemistry》在线发表了上海交通大学生命科学技术学院、微生物代谢国家重点实验室冯雁教授团队关于鞘糖脂内切糖苷酶底物识别机制方面的最新研究进展。

近日,国际知名生物化学杂志《Journal of BioLogical Chemistry》在线发表了上海交通大学生命科学技术学院、微生物代谢国家重点实验室冯雁教授团队关于鞘糖脂内切糖苷酶底物识别机制方面的最新研究进展“Structural Insights into the Broad Substrate Specificity of a Novel Endo-glycoceramidase I Belonging to a New Subfamily of GH5 Glycosidases”,研究被选为当期封面文章,韩云宾博士和陈柳青博士为并列第一作者,杨广宇副研究员为通讯作者。

鞘糖脂是位于细胞膜上的一类双亲性糖脂化合物,在细胞-细胞相互作用、细胞与外界信号传导等方面具有重要生理功能。鞘糖脂内切糖苷酶(EGCase)属于糖苷水解酶的GH5家族,特异性水解鞘糖脂的寡糖链与神经酰胺之间的β-糖苷键,在胞内鞘糖脂组学分析、代谢性疾病的诊断和药物开发中均有重要的应用。目前科学家已经发现了四类具有不同底物特异性的EGCase,但迄今为止其底物识别机制尚未得到充分认识。

研究中,研究人员利用系统进化树分析,从Rhodococcus equi103S克隆了一种新型的EGCase(EGCase I),与其同源序列一起构成了一个新的GH5亚家族。酶学性质表征显示EGCase I具有目前已知最高的催化活性和最宽的底物谱,其催化效率(kcat/KM)比已商品化的Rhodococcus sp. M-777鞘糖脂内切酶EGCase II高130倍,而且可以识别肿瘤相关的Globo系列鞘糖脂及岩藻糖基化GM1等底物,具有重要应用潜力。通过解析EGCase I的晶体结构,及其与底物GM1、GM3的复合体结构,他们详细阐明了该酶发挥高催化活性及宽底物特异性的分子机制,特别是发现了EGCase I 在活性中心的helix7,loop2,loop 4和loop 8等关键区域独特的微观结构,使其糖链结合口袋更为宽大,揭示了该酶能够容纳具有更大、分支更多的寡糖模块的底物的结构基础。

进一步通过结构比较,研究团队对EGCase II 进行了分子理性设计。在底物结合口袋中的定点突变产生的突变酶EGCase II S63G,催化岩藻糖基化GM1水解活性提高了>1370倍,为进一步进行分子改造提供了启示。该研究成果将有利于利用蛋白质工程策略构建更高效的糖苷合成酶,为酶法合成鞘糖脂类药物提供性质更优良的酶源,并促进鞘糖脂类药物的大规模制备和结构创新的进一步发展。

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    2018-02-20 hongbochen
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    2017-10-26 lily1616
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    2017-04-07 thlabcde

    好东西学习了好东西!

    0