重复 Cell:肺癌患者的希望!两药联合应用可能会增加肺癌患者的免疫治疗反应

2017-12-09 佚名 medicalxpress

约翰霍普金斯Kimmel癌症中心的研究人员和同事们已经确定了一种新型的药物联合疗法,可以使非小细胞肺癌更好地应对免疫治疗。这些所谓的表观遗传治疗药物一起使用,在人癌细胞系和小鼠中实现了强大的抗肿瘤应答。


来源:Cell

约翰霍普金斯Kimmel癌症中心的研究人员和同事们已经确定了一种新型的药物联合疗法,可以使非小细胞肺癌更好地应对免疫治疗。这些所谓的表观遗传治疗药物一起使用,在人癌细胞系和小鼠中实现了强大的抗肿瘤应答。

在2017年11月30日发表的研究期间,由研究生Michael Topper领导的研究小组Cell杂志刊登了这一研究成果。Stephen B. Baylin博士将一种名为5-氮杂胞苷的去甲基化药物与三种组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂药物之一(HDACis),化学重燃一些癌症抑制基因的操作能力联系起来。 HDACis可以抵抗组蛋白去乙酰化酶的蛋白质,这些蛋白质参与细胞复制和分裂等过程,并可能导致癌症发展。联合治疗引发了化学级联,增加了免疫细胞对抗肿瘤的吸引力,并减少了癌基因MYC的工作。基于这些发现,研究人员已经启动了联合治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床试验。

Kimmel癌症中心的弗吉尼亚州Baylin和Daniel K. Ludwig癌症研究教授说,肺癌患者治疗方法的发展一直是一项重要的医疗需求。他说,虽然免疫检查点疗法已经向前迈出了一大步,但迄今为止,只有不到一半的肺癌患者受益。

Baylin说:“在我们的研究中,两种药物的表观遗传学治疗组合在使用免疫检查点抑制剂之前效果非常好。 “在肺癌的动物模型中,这两种药物或者阻止了癌症的出现,或者减弱了更具侵袭性的癌症的作用。在这两种情况下,大部分结果都涉及肿瘤免疫识别的增加。

在一系列实验中,研究人员研究了5-氮杂胞苷与HDACis entinostat,mocetinostat或givinostat在人癌细胞系和非小细胞肺癌小鼠模型中的组合。发现治疗改变肿瘤微环境。在癌细胞系中,5-氮杂胞苷针对癌症基因MYC起作用,导致整个MYC信号传导程序的下调。添加HDACis进一步消耗MYC,并且这些药物一起随后引起阻止癌细胞增殖的作用,同时将更多的免疫系统T细胞吸引到肿瘤区域并激活这些细胞用于肿瘤识别。

在小鼠模型中,使用5-氮杂胞苷加凝剂时观察到最强的反应。在一个具有非小细胞肺癌突变形式的小鼠模型中,给予三个月的这种药物组合预防良性前体肿瘤变成癌症,并使肺部良性肿瘤外观总面积减少60%。相比之下,一组具有相同形式的肺癌的模拟治疗的小鼠普遍在肺中发生大的癌性病变。

在具有确定的侵袭性非小细胞肺癌的小鼠的第二个模型中,用交替方案5-氮杂胞苷与givinostat和5-氮杂胞苷与mocetinostat不仅减少了建立的快速生长的原发性肿瘤的生长,而且显着降低转移发生。

原始出处:

Michael J. Topper, Michelle Vaz, Katherine B. Chiappinelli, et.al. Epigenetic Therapy Ties MYC Depletion to Reversing Immune Evasion and Treating Lung Cancer. Cell

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