Nat Chem Biol:科学家首次在实验室中合成人造蜘蛛丝 或有望引入再生医学疗法中

2017-01-11 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:www.phys.org 日前,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Chemical Biology上的研究报告中,来自瑞典的研究人员通过研究成功开发出了一种合成性的蜘蛛丝,其作为天然最强大的材料之一,不仅柔软、光亮、可生物降解,而且还要比钢铁坚硬。 经过漫长的提炼和进化过程,如今蜘蛛纺的丝线是人类头发粗细的的三十分之一,同时这些丝线还要比凯夫拉尔合成纤维 (用以代替汽车轮胎等中钢丝

图片来源:www.phys.org

日前,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Chemical Biology上的研究报告中,来自瑞典的研究人员通过研究成功开发出了一种合成性的蜘蛛丝,其作为天然最强大的材料之一,不仅柔软、光亮、可生物降解,而且还要比钢铁坚硬。

经过漫长的提炼和进化过程,如今蜘蛛纺的丝线是人类头发粗细的的三十分之一,同时这些丝线还要比凯夫拉尔合成纤维 (用以代替汽车轮胎等中钢丝的合成纤维) 要坚硬地多。科学家们经过长期努力来复制蜘蛛丝的特性,即从本质上来讲这些丝线是和蛋白分子相关的长链分子。

当蜘蛛在纺丝过程中,其会通过腺管分泌一种蛋白溶液,同时会伴随酸度改变以及压力增加,进而诱发分子相互连接形成链状结构。文章中研究人员通过研究设法利用大肠杆菌中的一种蛋白质来复制蜘蛛的这种特性,同时研究者还制造了一种吐丝器来模拟丝线制造过程中pH的改变情况。研究者Jan Johansson表示,我们通过研究首次在不利用刺激性化学物质的前提下制造出了人工的蜘蛛丝,细菌所产生的大量蛋白质能够帮助我们仅利用一升大肠杆菌培养液就能够织出一公里的仿生纤维。

这些人造蜘蛛丝具有生物可相容性,同时在再生医学研究中还大有用途;研究者表示,这些人造丝线或许能够用于脊髓的修复或者帮助干细胞生长来修复损伤的心脏组织。当然本文中科学家们引入的创新技术或许还能够用于纺织工业,来帮助制造出更轻更结实强壮的自身防护用品。

原始出处:

 

Andersson M, Jia Q, Abella A, Lee XY, Landreh M, Purhonen P, Hebert H, Tenje M, Robinson CV, Meng Q, Plaza GR, Johansson J, Rising A.Biomimetic spinning of artificial spider silk from a chimeric minispidroin.Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Jan 9. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2269.

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    2017-02-23 sunylz
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    2017-09-27 liye789132251

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