JTO:ROS1基因重排的肺腺癌粟粒状脑转移一例

2014-05-20 MedSci MedSci原创

波兰格但斯克医科大学肿瘤放射科Katarzyna Dziadziuszko教授等报道了一例ROS1重排肺腺癌患者发生粟粒状脑转移的病例,文章发表在2014年5月的JTO杂志上. 患者女性,38岁,肺腺癌,年吸烟量15包。因严重的呼吸困难和体重减轻入院。胸部CT表现右上肺脊柱旁肿物,右上肺周围胸膜增厚,右侧胸腔积液,纵隔淋巴结肿大和左肺小转移病灶(图1A)。胸腔积液抽吸后,胸膜活检病理证实为乳头状肺

波兰格但斯克医科大学肿瘤放射科Katarzyna Dziadziuszko教授等报道了一例ROS1重排肺腺癌患者发生粟粒状脑转移的病例,文章发表在2014年5月的JTO杂志上.

患者女性,38岁,肺腺癌,年吸烟量15包。因严重的呼吸困难和体重减轻入院。胸部CT表现右上肺脊柱旁肿物,右上肺周围胸膜增厚,右侧胸腔积液,纵隔淋巴结肿大和左肺小转移病灶(图1A)。胸腔积液抽吸后,胸膜活检病理证实为乳头状肺腺癌。荧光原位杂交实验(FISH试验)显示ROS1重排。

患者接受培美曲赛加顺铂姑息性化疗4个周期后病情稳定。治疗间歇期后,临床和影像学表现均出了进展迹象,继而使用克唑替尼(一种间变性淋巴瘤激酶ALK,ROS1和MET抑制剂)250mg,一天2次。随后复查胸部CT示胸部病灶部分缓解(图1B),同时症状明显改善。


图1.胸部增强CT纵隔窗。右肺新生胸膜增厚:A.治疗前的CT; B.克唑替尼治疗4个月;C.克唑替尼治疗13个月

克唑替尼治疗6个月后,患者出现了疲劳,发音困难,抑郁和紧张。增强CT未见脑部转移病灶,而胸部病灶继续缩小。然而,头颅磁共振显示除灰质外,大脑皮质,基地核和丘脑(图2A和B) 出现了粟粒状结节。T2质子加权相表现为小的高信号结节(2-7mm),一些转移灶中表现为弥漫性DW1 信号和ADC图像。

图2.克唑蒂替治疗6个月后, 大脑皮质和基底核区粟粒状脑转移灶出现进展;A.质子密度加权MRI图像,B.T2加权MRI图像,横切面MRI


弥漫性脑转移的诊断表现为病灶在T1加权像增强(图3A)。暂停使用克唑替尼,患者接受10次30Gy剂量全脑照射(WBRT),然后继续使用克唑替尼。 全脑照射显著改善了患者症状,治愈了抑郁,仅存在轻微的发音困难。全脑照射4个月后,增强MRI,TI加权像表现为脑内病灶的部分缓解(图3B),而CT表现为胸部病灶的进一步的缩小(图1C)。


图3. 增强MRI的T1加权相,矢状面。(A)在克唑替尼治疗6个月后粟粒状脑转移进展;(B)在姑息性脑部放疗和克唑替尼治疗4个月后颅内病灶部分消退

接近10%-25%的肺癌患者初诊时已存在脑转移,而40%-50%的患者后续出现颅内转移。粟粒状扩散表现为血管周围多发小斑点样肿瘤结节。极少有MRI检查发现脑转移表现为粟粒状,CT很难发现这些病例。该类型的扩散常见于肺腺癌。

评论:1%-2%的肺腺癌患者存在ROS1基因重排,此类患者对克唑替尼具有敏感性。本例具有ROS1重排的肺腺癌患者使用克唑替尼治疗时发生粟粒状脑转移。克唑替尼治疗前,由于没有中枢神经系统症状,未进行头颅磁共振检查。因此,不能排除当时已经存在颅内转移。

然而,该患者神经和精神症状出现了惊人的恶化,肺部病灶持续缩小的同时出现了粟粒状脑转移,临床和放射学表现为特有的中枢神经系统进展。该病例首次报道ROS1重排肺癌患者具有这种放射学表现。已有报道使用克唑替尼治疗的ALK重排腺癌患者颅外病灶持续缓解而颅内病灶进展。该现象似乎是由于克唑替尼很难透过血脑屏障,从而不能抑制ROS1蛋白。

新一代ROS1抑制剂的临床试验已开展。NCT01284192和 NCT01449461试验显示出了较好的CNS穿透力。希望这些药物能够较好的控制ROS1重排肺癌患者的颅内转移。

总之,本病例可能说明ROS1重排患者极易发生颅内转移,这与ALK-驱动型肺癌相似。

原始出处:

Dziadziuszko K, Szurowska E, Pienkowska J, Jassem J, Dziadziuszko R.Miliary brain metastases in a patient with ROS1-rearranged lung adenocarcinoma: a case report.J Thorac Oncol. 2014 May;9(5):e34-6.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793482, encodeId=fb4c1e93482c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f681156325a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS1基因重排#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15632, encryptionId=f681156325a, topicName=ROS1基因重排)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d2f42500210, createdName=12498ef1m31(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat May 31 21:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1363961, encodeId=0ef3136396102, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533945, encodeId=25f6153394501, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0717156309a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15630, encryptionId=0717156309a, topicName=ROS1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2f0712501452, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1629077, encodeId=87e616290e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a2154192273' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因重排#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41922, encryptionId=a2154192273, topicName=基因重排)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54a621283228, createdName=lqvr, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=9545, encodeId=6f5195453c, content=这个结果只供参考,这例患者ROS1阳性,可能与疾病本身脑转移只是并行关系,而非因果关系。需要更多的证据支持, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=ake, createdTime=Tue May 20 22:35:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2014-05-22 wwzzly
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793482, encodeId=fb4c1e93482c6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f681156325a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS1基因重排#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15632, encryptionId=f681156325a, topicName=ROS1基因重排)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d2f42500210, createdName=12498ef1m31(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat May 31 21:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1363961, encodeId=0ef3136396102, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1533945, encodeId=25f6153394501, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0717156309a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15630, encryptionId=0717156309a, topicName=ROS1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2f0712501452, createdName=wwzzly, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1629077, encodeId=87e616290e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a2154192273' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#基因重排#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=41922, encryptionId=a2154192273, topicName=基因重排)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=54a621283228, createdName=lqvr, createdTime=Thu May 22 11:02:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=9545, encodeId=6f5195453c, content=这个结果只供参考,这例患者ROS1阳性,可能与疾病本身脑转移只是并行关系,而非因果关系。需要更多的证据支持, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=ake, createdTime=Tue May 20 22:35:00 CST 2014, time=2014-05-20, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-05-22 lqvr
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    2014-05-20 ake

    这个结果只供参考,这例患者ROS1阳性,可能与疾病本身脑转移只是并行关系,而非因果关系。需要更多的证据支持

    0