儿科

订阅

MedSci主页 / 所有栏目 / 儿科

值得收藏：儿童感染性发疹性疾病小结

2016-06-11 武警总医院 顽疾归赵 医学界儿科频道

感染性发疹性疾病儿童
关注

发疹性疾病是指在发病过程中，患儿身上会出现形态不同的疹子。发现在皮肤上的为皮疹或外疹；出现在黏膜上的称为粘膜疹或内疹。在儿童中，发疹性疾病非常多见，其中包括感染性发疹性疾病和非感染性发疹性疾病。本文主要总结由病毒及细菌感染所致的儿童发疹性疾病。 一、常见病毒感染相关发疹性疾病 疾病 特点 麻疹 麻疹病毒感染所致，其典型特点为发热4天出疹，典型斑丘疹，出

发疹性疾病是指在发病过程中，患儿身上会出现形态不同的疹子。发现在皮肤上的为皮疹或外疹；出现在黏膜上的称为粘膜疹或内疹。在儿童中，发疹性疾病非常多见，其中包括感染性发疹性疾病和非感染性发疹性疾病。本文主要总结由病毒及细菌感染所致的儿童发疹性疾病。

一、常见病毒感染相关发疹性疾病


疾病

特点

麻疹

麻疹病毒感染所致，其典型特点为发热4天出疹，典型斑丘疹，出疹3-4天，然后退疹，并留有色素沉着，出疹前1-2天可见麻疹斑。

风疹

风疹病毒感染所致，发热当日出疹，第一天为麻疹样斑丘疹，第二天皮疹融合呈片与猩红热相似，第3天开始退疹，病程3日左右，又称三日麻疹。

幼儿急诊

人疱疹病毒6型引起，潜伏期10天，高热起病，连续发热4-5天，突然退热，热退疹出，1-2天消退，不留色素沉着。

水痘

水痘带状疱疹病毒感染引起，初发为水痘，潜伏再发为带状疱疹。潜伏期14-17天，发热当日出疹，斑疹、丘疹、疱疹、结痂四种形态均存在，俗称“四世同堂”。

单纯疱疹

单纯疱疹病毒感染所致，I型主要在身体上部和唇部，II型在身体下部如会阴部，也称为生殖器疱疹，属于性传播疾病。单纯疱疹多成堆出现，破溃后可形成溃疡。

手足口病

肠道病毒柯萨奇16型引起，少数为柯萨奇5、10型引起。3岁以下儿童多见，在手足口部位及臀部可见红斑和斑丘疹，次日形成疱疹，单房，直径2-5 mm，一般不破溃，2-4天吸收，干燥、结痂，不留疱疹，病程5-7天。

传染性单核细胞增生症

EB病毒感染所致。10-15%出现皮疹，斑丘疹多见，在病程4-10天出现，少数可呈猩红热样皮疹，麻疹样皮疹，发热全身淋巴结肿大，肝脾肿大，异性淋巴细胞增多，特异型抗体阳性。


二、常见细菌感染相关发疹性疾病


疾病

特点

猩红热

乙型溶血性链球菌感染，潜伏期2-5天，发热第2天发疹，呈弥漫性鸡皮样红斑疹，疹间无正常皮肤，有草莓舌、帕压纸、口周苍白圈、皮疹退后脱皮、伴有扁桃体炎等特点

流行性脑脊髓膜炎

脑膜炎双球菌感染所致，皮疹为出血炎、斑疹、紫癜、爆发性流脑可出现DIC。

伤寒、副伤寒

由伤寒、副伤寒杆菌感染引起，伤寒第6天出疹，在胸腹部，为玫瑰疹，数日不超过10个，3-5天消退。副伤寒分甲乙丙型，皮疹较伤寒略多。

败血症

金黄色葡萄球菌感染引起败血症可出现猩红热样皮疹，也可出现瘀斑，斑丘疹及荨麻疹

版权声明：
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料，版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权，任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载，授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章，或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章，仅系出于传递更多信息之目的，本站仅负责审核内容合规，其内容不代表本站立场，本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系，我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655350, encodeId=90da1655350e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c2853311ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53311, encryptionId=7c2853311ac, topicName=感染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=583d24724321, createdName=charl1234575, createdTime=Sat Nov 26 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968790, encodeId=6f3e1968e90ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0eb3e90584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发疹性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37905, encryptionId=a0eb3e90584, topicName=发疹性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=db7c233, createdName=changjitao2009, createdTime=Tue Aug 23 14:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91402, encodeId=bada91402e3, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=89e61741917, createdName=1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 28 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89470, encodeId=5c2c894e058, content=已经学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89471, encodeId=d6b1894e1c8, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-26 charl1234575

    #感染性#

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655350, encodeId=90da1655350e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c2853311ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53311, encryptionId=7c2853311ac, topicName=感染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=583d24724321, createdName=charl1234575, createdTime=Sat Nov 26 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968790, encodeId=6f3e1968e90ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0eb3e90584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发疹性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37905, encryptionId=a0eb3e90584, topicName=发疹性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=db7c233, createdName=changjitao2009, createdTime=Tue Aug 23 14:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91402, encodeId=bada91402e3, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=89e61741917, createdName=1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 28 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89470, encodeId=5c2c894e058, content=已经学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89471, encodeId=d6b1894e1c8, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-23 changjitao2009

    #发疹性#

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655350, encodeId=90da1655350e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c2853311ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53311, encryptionId=7c2853311ac, topicName=感染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=583d24724321, createdName=charl1234575, createdTime=Sat Nov 26 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968790, encodeId=6f3e1968e90ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0eb3e90584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发疹性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37905, encryptionId=a0eb3e90584, topicName=发疹性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=db7c233, createdName=changjitao2009, createdTime=Tue Aug 23 14:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91402, encodeId=bada91402e3, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=89e61741917, createdName=1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 28 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89470, encodeId=5c2c894e058, content=已经学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89471, encodeId=d6b1894e1c8, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-28 1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称)

    内容不错

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655350, encodeId=90da1655350e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c2853311ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53311, encryptionId=7c2853311ac, topicName=感染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=583d24724321, createdName=charl1234575, createdTime=Sat Nov 26 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968790, encodeId=6f3e1968e90ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0eb3e90584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发疹性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37905, encryptionId=a0eb3e90584, topicName=发疹性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=db7c233, createdName=changjitao2009, createdTime=Tue Aug 23 14:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91402, encodeId=bada91402e3, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=89e61741917, createdName=1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 28 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89470, encodeId=5c2c894e058, content=已经学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89471, encodeId=d6b1894e1c8, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-12 milkshark

    已经学习

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655350, encodeId=90da1655350e4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c2853311ac' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#感染性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=53311, encryptionId=7c2853311ac, topicName=感染性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=583d24724321, createdName=charl1234575, createdTime=Sat Nov 26 08:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968790, encodeId=6f3e1968e90ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a0eb3e90584' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#发疹性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=37905, encryptionId=a0eb3e90584, topicName=发疹性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=db7c233, createdName=changjitao2009, createdTime=Tue Aug 23 14:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91402, encodeId=bada91402e3, content=内容不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=118, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=89e61741917, createdName=1df0f74bm00(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Jun 28 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89470, encodeId=5c2c894e058, content=已经学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89471, encodeId=d6b1894e1c8, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Sun Jun 12 00:44:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-12 milkshark

    这个不错

    0