NATURE:MEK抑制对组织细胞肿瘤患者的疗效

2019-03-16 海北 MedSci原创

组织细胞肿瘤是克隆性造血障碍的异质组,其特征在于丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)途径中的多种突变。

组织细胞肿瘤是克隆性造血障碍的异质组,其特征在于丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)途径中的多种突变。对于具有BRAFV600突变的50%组织细胞增多症的患者,RAF抑制是非常有效的,并且显着改变了该疾病的自然史。

然而,对于缺乏BRAFV600突变的剩余50%的患者,至今为止不存在标准疗法。尽管已经假设ERK依赖性是组织细胞肿瘤的一致特征,但这在临床上尚未得到证实,并且在缺乏BRAFV600突变的患者中发现的许多激酶突变尚未被生物学定义特征。

最近,通过对组织细胞增多症患者进行cobimetinib(MEK1和MEK2的口服抑制剂)的概念验证临床试验,研究人员发现组织细胞病对于ERK的依赖性。

无论肿瘤基因型如何,患者都被登记。同时,在治疗患者中鉴定的MAPK改变的特征在于其激活ERK的能力。

在接受治疗的18名患者中,总体反应率为89%(90%置信区间为73-100)。应答是持久的,迄今没有获得抵抗。在一年时,100%的反应正在进行中,94%的患者仍然没有进展。

无论基因型如何,Cobimetinib治疗均有效,并且在ARAF,BRAF,RAF1,NRAS,KRAS,MEK1(也称为MAP2K1)和MEK2(也称为MAP2K2)突变的患者中观察到应答。

与观察到的反应一致,研究人员在这些患者中鉴定的突变的表征证实MAPK途径突变是激活的。

总的来说,这些数据表明组织细胞肿瘤的特征在于对MAPK信号传导的显着依赖性,并且对MEK抑制有反应。这些结果将分子靶向治疗的益处扩展到组织细胞增生症的整个范围。


原始出处:

Diamond EL et al. Efficacy of MEK inhibition in patients with histiocytic neoplasms. NATURE, 2019; doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1012-y.


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    2020-01-10 liye789132251
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    2019-06-16 naiwu77
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    2019-03-16 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

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