专家呼吁:将免疫力检测纳入健康体检,提升健康管理水平

2021-07-07 BD BD

自党中央、国务院提出“健康中国2030”规划,并发起“健康中国行动”以来,我国健康管理产业进入了前所未有的战略发展期,老百姓的健康意识也逐渐增强,越来越多的人开始主动关注体检筛查,了解自己身体状况和潜

自党中央、国务院提出健康中国2030”规划,并发起健康中国行动以来,我国健康管理产业进入了前所未有的战略发展期,老百姓的健康意识也逐渐增强,越来越多的人开始主动关注体检筛查,了解自己身体状况和潜在疾病风险。特别是在新冠疫情爆发之后,无论是普通老百姓还是医务工作者,对自身免疫力对健康的影响有了更为深入的切身体会,免疫力评估作为一种新兴的检查项目正逐渐受到关注。

近日,免疫力检测在健康管理中的应用研讨论证会在杭州召开,众多国内健康管理学和医学检验领域的权威专家齐聚一堂,围绕免疫力检测的价值、应用现状和前景、临床路径进行深入探讨和分析,并签署了免疫力检测项目意见书,呼吁将免疫力检测纳入健康体检,旨在进一步提升大众的健康管理水平。

图:专家共同签署意见书

免疫力检测为治未病指明方向

免疫力是人体自身的防御机制,具备进行人体识别和消灭外来侵入的病毒、细菌等异物,处理衰老、损伤、死亡、变性的自身细胞,以及识别和处理体内突变细胞和病毒感染细胞的能力。大量的研究表明,免疫状态与多种疾病,特别是慢性疾病的发生、发展有着密切的关系,针对免疫力的定量检测对疾病的预防、诊疗均具有重要意义。

图:会议现场

华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院检验科副主任汪峰教授表示,其团队的大量临床研究和临床实践表明,基于流式细胞术的淋巴细胞亚群检测与衰老、亚健康及部分疾病的发生有着密切的联系。免疫力检测联合常规检查能够更精准地发现亚健康状态,提示疾病风险。

诸多研究结果显示,通过监测外周血淋巴细胞水平可以对个体免疫力状况进行量化评估,从而发现亚健康状态,在临床指征发生之前提示疾病风险,从而及早地采取相应措施,达到治未病的目的。

目前,同济医院已建立并逐步完善细胞免疫功能检测平台并在健康管理中心开展免疫力检测项目,利用多色流式细胞标记技术分析淋巴细胞数量、精细分型和功能,对机体的免疫状态及免疫水平进行精准评估,为免疫相关性疾病的诊断、预后监测和个体化治疗提供指导。

浙江大学医学院附属第一医院健康管理中心主任刘忠教授介绍:健康管理中心应给予免疫力检测结果异常的人群导诊服务,帮助他们及时就医,更要重视免疫力低下但尚未发生疾病的高风险人群,指导这部分人群改善生活方式。此外,由于免疫力的个体化差异较大,可以通过连续的免疫力检测建立个体基线,通过相对的偏移值来评估免疫状态。

免疫力检测距离广泛应用还有多远?

近年来,免疫力检测的价值已得到国内外科学界的广泛认可,不过,作为新兴的健康监测和疾病预警方式,免疫力检测虽已在部分医疗机构开展,在社会公众以及医务工作者间的认知度尚且不足,还需进一步普及推广。

免疫力检测项目大范围实施的关键在于对其指标进行准确解读,这需要大量临床积累和专业教育工作,应加强免疫力检测相关的知识和技能培训。结合浙江省人民医院健康管理中心近10年来开展免疫力检测的临床实践经验,该中心主任胡培英教授提出。

南昌大学第一附属医院副院长金国强教授则认为,在免疫力检测项目的开展上,还需进行一系列的工作,以完善这一体系。一方面,需建立标准化的免疫力检测、评估、干预的闭环体系;另一方面,在临床开展过程中,应逐步探索对疾病发生具有特异性提示作用的标志物,并适时地从免疫细胞的数量检测逐步升级到功能检测,以提供更有价值的临床意义。

图:会议现场

碧迪医疗大中华区生物科学业务副总裁胡轶清博士及大中华区医学事务高级总监崔太根博士建议,在有条件的体检机构开展淋巴细胞数量+表型+功能的三位一体评估,探索基于精准、动态个性化免疫力检测的健康管理方案,并在此过程中不断积累数据完善方案。此外,还需尽快建立免疫力检测标准或专家共识,让该技术更好地应用于健康管理领域。

中华医学会健康管理学分会主委郭清教授总结指出,免疫力检测是三早(早筛查、早评估、早干预)健康管理模式的必要组成部分,但在实践过程中也应考虑到其医药经济性。结合目前的现状,可在中高端人群、有条件的行业客户,特殊行业及职业人群中先行开展,并逐步扩大覆盖范围。同时,县级以上医疗机构均设有中医治未病中心,免疫力检测对中医传统医学具有很好的补充作用,可以为中医的体质判定及药效评估等提供循证医学支持,二者可以联合开展研究,积累临床数据,发挥治未病作用。郭清教授说道。

与会专家在对免疫力检测项目论证后均一致认为,该项目与感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤、原发性及继发性免疫缺陷等疾病的鉴别诊断和预后相关,采用的流式细胞术方法成熟,能定量地分析人体的淋巴细胞数量、表型和功能状态,可为亚健康状态慢病等人群提供定量的免疫状态评估,为健康管理干预效果提供参考依据,是顺应健康中国行动计划,贯彻预防为主的卫生健康工作方针的体现。

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