JEM:炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子通过表面RNA激活机体免疫反应

2017-05-02 MedSci MedSci原创

我们的研究表明细菌孢子能够激活机体免疫反应的原因是应为表面的大量细菌RNA,进一步完善了机体是如何对抗细菌的孢子和繁殖形态的不同机制。

很多的病原菌是由孢子的形态进入宿主细胞,并与宿主的免疫系统初步相遇。然而,细菌孢子与宿主免疫力如何相互作用仍然知之甚少。在最新的一期Journal of Experimental Medicine中,Min-Kyung Choo及其同事报导了他们的发现,炭疽的病原体:炭疽芽孢杆菌(Bacillus anthracis),具有诱导宿主免疫应答的内在能力。

研究人员发现,在炭疽芽孢杆菌的孢子表面中含有大量的RNA,这些RNA能够激活被感染的机体细胞的免疫反应。自然界动物为了对抗细菌感染,发长出很多识别不同细菌抗原的受体,其中很大的一类受体被称为toll-like receptor (TLR)。小鼠及人类对病原菌中的RNA,通过TLR7和TLR13负责检测和触发宿主细胞对炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的反应,而TLR2负责检测处于繁殖状态(vegetative state)的炭疽芽孢杆菌。 炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子,但不是繁殖状态的炭疽芽孢杆菌,能够诱导I型IFN(IFN-I)产生。

研究人员进一步发现,虽然TLR信号本身提供机体对于炭疽芽孢杆菌的保护,但是炭疽芽孢杆菌孢子的RNA诱导的IFN-1信号对于清除炭疽芽孢杆菌是起到反效果的。因为在IFN-1受体敲除的小鼠中,炭疽芽孢杆菌被更好的清除,所引起的炎症更少,对于组织的破坏也越少。

我们的研究表明细菌孢子能够激活机体免疫反应的原因是应为表面的大量细菌RNA,进一步完善了机体是如何对抗细菌的孢子和繁殖形态的不同机制。

原始出处:
Min-Kyung Choo et al,  TLR sensing of bacterial spore-associated RNA triggers host immune responses with detrimental effects. JEM (2017). DOI: 10.1084/jem.20161141 | Published April 11, 2017

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    2020-11-04 120befd3m21暂无昵称

    学习啦

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