Science Signaling:海藻糖可能治疗脂肪肝

2016-03-03 佚名 生物谷

非酒精性脂肪肝是一种与肥胖密切相关的疾病,影响大约25%的美国人。虽然减肥能够减少脂肪在肝脏中的积累,但该病还没有药物疗法。 在最新发表于《Science Signaling》的论文中,圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院研究团队在小鼠中进行的研究表明,一种被称为海藻糖(trehalose)的天然糖,能够防止果糖(fructose)进入肝脏并且触发清除肝细胞内多余脂肪积累的细胞管理过程。果糖被认为是导致非酒

非酒精性脂肪肝是一种与肥胖密切相关的疾病,影响大约25%的美国人。虽然减肥能够减少脂肪在肝脏中的积累,但该病还没有药物疗法。

在最新发表于《Science Signaling》的论文中,圣路易斯华盛顿大学医学院研究团队在小鼠中进行的研究表明,一种被称为海藻糖(trehalose)的天然糖,能够防止果糖(fructose)进入肝脏并且触发清除肝细胞内多余脂肪积累的细胞管理过程。果糖被认为是导致非酒精性脂肪肝的主要因素。

"一般而言,如果用高糖饮食来饲养小鼠,它会罹患脂肪肝"该研究第一作者、儿科胃肠病学家Brian J. DeBosch博士说,"我们发现,如果在高果糖饮食喂养的同时提供含有3%海藻糖的饮用水,能够完全阻止脂肪肝的发展。在研究结束时,这些小鼠的体重较轻,循环胆固醇、脂肪酸和甘油三酯的水平较低。"

证据表明,非酒精性脂肪肝会随着肝脏难以处理食糖特别是果糖而发生。果糖天然存在于水果中,也被作为高果糖玉米糖浆添加到软饮料和多种加工食品。最终,身体会将果糖作为甘油三酯储存在肝脏中。在严重病例中,这些脂肪会积累到毒性水平,最终可能需要肝移植治疗。

海藻糖是一种存在于植物和昆虫中的天然糖,由两个葡萄糖分子结合组成。虽然海藻糖被美国FDA批准用于人类消费,但DeBosch警告道,在海藻糖作为临床试验的一部分针对非酒精性脂肪肝患者进行测试之前,还需要进行更多的研究。

"我(还)不会把它推荐给我的患者们"DeBosch说,"我们知道,用含有3%海藻糖的饮用水饲养的小鼠体重下降,我们怀疑这是因为丢失了脂肪,但还不能确定这是唯一的影响。我们需要更多的研究以确保它们不会丢失骨骼或肌肉质量。"

同时,DeBosch建议他的患者们避免摄入添加果糖的食物,尤其是含糖饮料。

食糖在非酒精性脂肪肝中所扮演的角色,已经涉及到肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和高血压等疾病,并与代谢综合征的其他标记物相关。因此,用糖来治疗一种至少部分因食用糖而导致的疾病似乎是违反常理的。不过,海藻糖对果糖向肝脏转运的影响为它如何发挥作用提供了一些线索。

在之前的研究中,DeBosch和他的同事们(包括该研究资深作者、妇产科教授Kelle H. Moley博士)表明,一种被称为GLUT8的肝细胞表面蛋白质,是小鼠响应高果糖饮食而发展出脂肪肝所需要的。

"我们知道GLUT8会携带大量果糖进入肝细胞"DeBosch说,"所以我们寻找能够阻断GLUT8的物质。之所以对海藻糖感兴趣,是因为它已在神经退行性疾病模型,比如朊病毒病和肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)中进行了研究。在小鼠中,海藻糖似乎会使脑细胞吞噬在这些疾病中积聚的异常蛋白质。我们想知道,它是否会对肝细胞中积累的脂肪发挥同样的作用。"

DeBosch及其同事们表明,海藻糖能够阻断能量以糖的形式运输进入肝细胞,使细胞表现出饥饿状态。当细胞处于饥饿状态时,它会开启被称为自噬的过程,并开始消耗储存在细胞中的脂肪。不过,该过程并不特定针对脂肪,还可能耗尽细胞蛋白质、糖和其他废物。

"我们似乎使用海藻糖劫持了肝脏自身的饥饿通路"DeBosch说,"我们认为,自噬可能会在细胞遭受过多的脂肪或蛋白质积累压力时被触发。细胞响应压力或着因为缺乏能量而开启自噬,开始吃东西,进行'家居清洁'。"

DeBosch预计,其他研究人员可能需要将注意力转向海藻糖,从而确切理解这种糖如何劫持细胞信号通路。DeBosch还说,这种疗法策略的潜力,可能超越神经退行性和代谢性疾病。

"自噬在体内扮演多种角色,从健康发育到涉及癌症和自身免疫"DeBosch说,"希望在于,通过研究这种'营养食品'及其作用,我们能够揭示其重要的细胞活性,然后利用它来阻止或逆转疾病。"

原始出处:

Brian J. DeBosch1,Monique R. Heitmeier,Allyson L. Mayer,et al.Trehalose inhibits solute carrier 2A (SLC2A) proteins to induce autophagy and prevent hepatic steatosis.Sci.Signal.23 Feb 2016.

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    2016-12-20 楚秀娟
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794078, encodeId=1eb51e94078ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fef316308dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#signaling#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16308, encryptionId=fef316308dc, topicName=signaling)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Tue Mar 22 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793964, encodeId=dfde1e9396413, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 12:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036132, encodeId=0f362036132f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 04:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375182, encodeId=695413e518263, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1483904, encodeId=c89114839046c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c75656e370' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海藻糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65673, encryptionId=0c75656e370, topicName=海藻糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=372e7924972, createdName=12498cb5m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67101, encodeId=a9286e10196, content=没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3131695284, createdName=1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 03 21:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67058, encodeId=50df6e05881, content=海藻糖没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=86be1670731, createdName=harry37640, createdTime=Thu Mar 03 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-05 jichang
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794078, encodeId=1eb51e94078ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fef316308dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#signaling#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16308, encryptionId=fef316308dc, topicName=signaling)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Tue Mar 22 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793964, encodeId=dfde1e9396413, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 12:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036132, encodeId=0f362036132f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 04:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375182, encodeId=695413e518263, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1483904, encodeId=c89114839046c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c75656e370' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海藻糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65673, encryptionId=0c75656e370, topicName=海藻糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=372e7924972, createdName=12498cb5m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67101, encodeId=a9286e10196, content=没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3131695284, createdName=1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 03 21:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67058, encodeId=50df6e05881, content=海藻糖没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=86be1670731, createdName=harry37640, createdTime=Thu Mar 03 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794078, encodeId=1eb51e94078ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fef316308dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#signaling#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16308, encryptionId=fef316308dc, topicName=signaling)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Tue Mar 22 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793964, encodeId=dfde1e9396413, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 12:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036132, encodeId=0f362036132f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 04:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375182, encodeId=695413e518263, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1483904, encodeId=c89114839046c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c75656e370' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海藻糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65673, encryptionId=0c75656e370, topicName=海藻糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=372e7924972, createdName=12498cb5m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67101, encodeId=a9286e10196, content=没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3131695284, createdName=1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 03 21:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67058, encodeId=50df6e05881, content=海藻糖没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=86be1670731, createdName=harry37640, createdTime=Thu Mar 03 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-03 1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称)

    没听过

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1794078, encodeId=1eb51e94078ee, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fef316308dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#signaling#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16308, encryptionId=fef316308dc, topicName=signaling)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1777154, createdName=chenhongpeng, createdTime=Tue Mar 22 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1793964, encodeId=dfde1e9396413, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7b3d1630617' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Signal#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16306, encryptionId=7b3d1630617, topicName=Signal)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Wed Sep 14 12:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2036132, encodeId=0f362036132f0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ae7816304dc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Sign#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16304, encryptionId=ae7816304dc, topicName=Sign)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e9ed371, createdName=楚秀娟, createdTime=Tue Dec 20 04:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375182, encodeId=695413e518263, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1483904, encodeId=c89114839046c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0c75656e370' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#海藻糖#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=65673, encryptionId=0c75656e370, topicName=海藻糖)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=372e7924972, createdName=12498cb5m15暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Mar 05 00:19:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67101, encodeId=a9286e10196, content=没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e3131695284, createdName=1de6a4a6m46(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Mar 03 21:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=67058, encodeId=50df6e05881, content=海藻糖没听过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=138, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=86be1670731, createdName=harry37640, createdTime=Thu Mar 03 17:12:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-03 harry37640

    海藻糖没听过

    0

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