Sci Rep:阿波罗计划宇航员心血管疾病风险增加

2016-08-02 Michael Delp 《科学报告》

近日

近日发表于《科学报告》的一项研究显示,相比曾在近地轨道执行任务的或从未执行过轨道任务的宇航员,参加过阿波罗计划的宇航员罹患心血管疾病的风险更高。这一初步研究发现或对超出地球保护性磁层之外的航天飞行有所启示。

除阿波罗登月计划外,所有载人航天项目都在近地轨道之内,地球地磁场对宇宙辐射的阻挡作用仍然存在。因此,人们曾普遍认为,近地轨道任务或短期登月任务不会增加宇航员罹患心血管疾病的长期风险。

但通过比较7位阿波罗登月宇航员与35位执行航天任务的宇航员以及35位不执行航天任务宇航员的死因,美国佛罗里达州立大学Michael Delp及同事研究了飞越地球磁层对健康的可能影响。作者发现,阿波罗登月宇航员的心血管疾病死亡率几乎比不执行任务的宇航员和近地宇航员高出5倍。

为了检验这些发现背后的潜在机制,作者对44只雄性大鼠进行了实验,以研究模拟失重和与太空有关的放射线照射对血管系统有何长期影响。实验结果表明,对血管系统的影响是暴露在辐射下导致的,与失重无关。作者指出,血管壁细胞损伤可能是宇航员发生心脑血管疾病的重大诱因。

原始出处

Michael D. Delp, Jacqueline M. Charvat, Charles L. Limoli, Ruth K. Globus & Payal Ghosh.Apollo Lunar Astronauts Show Higher Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: Possible Deep Space Radiation Effects on the Vascular Endothelium.Sci Rep.2016

 

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