比尔·盖茨:用虚拟现实技术检测病毒弱点,希望研制艾滋疫苗

2017-07-14 佚名 微信公众号“比尔盖茨”

上个月,在马里兰州的一座政府大楼里,我戴上VR头盔,一睹未来药物的风采。我当时正在参观坐落于美国国家卫生研究院(NIH)的疫苗研究中心,这家联邦机构由国家财政支持,进行医学方面的研究。我们的基金会已经与NIH合作了很多年,我们时常在一起交流项目上的进展,这是我们最重要的科研合作之一。结束了一上午的会议,NIH院长弗朗西斯·柯林斯(Francis Collins)和同事托尼·福西(Tony Fauc

上个月,在马里兰州的一座政府大楼里,我戴上VR头盔,一睹未来药物的风采。

我当时正在参观坐落于美国国家卫生研究院(NIH)的疫苗研究中心,这家联邦机构由国家财政支持,进行医学方面的研究。我们的基金会已经与NIH合作了很多年,我们时常在一起交流项目上的进展,这是我们最重要的科研合作之一。结束了一上午的会议,NIH院长弗朗西斯·柯林斯(Francis Collins)和同事托尼·福西(Tony Fauci)带我参观了疫苗中心。

这次参观包含了一次非常酷的体验,他们向我展示了科研人员如何使用VR技术检测病毒的弱点,进而针对这些弱点研发疫苗或药物。利用这一最先进的方法,我们可以研制出通用流感疫苗(我们现在只有季节性的流感疫苗)。希望在未来的某一天,我们还能用这种方法研制出艾滋病疫苗(我正在投资一家从事类似工作的私营企业)。

NIH的工作令人耳目一新,这个VR模型只是其中的一个例子。在美国,从降低心脏病死亡率到显着减少蛀牙发生率,NIH在健康的方方面面都扮演着重要角色。如今,它正与美国疾病控制预防中心一起,帮助我们准备应对下一次的流行病疫情——如果我们不提前做好准备,疫情一旦爆发,将很可能夺去几千万人的生命。

NIH正在研究的疾病还包括:

艾滋病:NIH的科研人员在开发抗逆转录病毒药物方面发挥着重要作用,这类药物拯救了1700万艾滋病毒携带者的生命。正如我在参观疫苗研究中心时所看到的那样,他们正领导全世界的科研人员开发艾滋病疫苗。

癌症:NIH的研究为治疗癌症提出新思路,即通过巩固机体自身能力来抗击疾病,包括防止肿瘤逃过免疫系统的防御。NIH还曾是HPV(人乳头状瘤病毒)疫苗研发的主要参与方,HPV感染可能导致宫颈癌。

埃博拉:在2014-2016年埃博拉爆发期间,NIH和其他机构的科学家与私营部门展开合作,成功完成了埃博拉疫苗的临床试验。最近的更多研究表明这些疫苗非常安全,并且能够引起免疫反应。

寨卡:疫苗研究中心正在研发几种预防寨卡病毒的疫苗。这种病毒经由蚊子传播,最近使巴西超过100万人感染,被认为是导致新生儿小头症的原因。寨卡病毒与西尼罗病毒有相关性,该疫苗的研发正是以能有效预防西尼罗病毒的疫苗作为基础。

疟疾:疟疾每年使超过70万人丧命。虽然我们在疟疾疫苗研发方面取得了一些进展,但还是没能研制出一款能够在长时间内阻断疟疾传播的疫苗。NIH与其他一些机构正在支持这一领域具有前景的研究项目——他们的工作与我们基金会的工作正好互补,形成了很好的合作。

除此之外,还有肺炎、肝炎、结核病及许多其他疾病。

对我来说,科学被用来预防和治愈疾病的能力是不可思议的,而这种魔力就起源于像NIH这样的地方。通过增进我们对生物学的理解,他们的工作为私营药企和生物科技公司的创新奠定了基础(一项发表在《科学》杂志上的研究发现,在NIH的资金投入中,10%会直接产生发明专利,30%会产生科研论文,其发现又被应用于之后的发明专利)。这些创新带来了新的工作、新的产业和经济增长。NIH资助各州的科学家,在全国范围内支持着35万个就业岗位。

这是一项了不起的投资,它拓展了科学的疆界。就算他们没让我体验他们的VR设备,我还是会这么说

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    2017-07-15 130****4638

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-07-14 dhzzm

    学习了分享了

    0

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