PLoS Pathogens:RNA的m6A修饰研究已经深入病毒学领域

2017-03-17 生物谷 生物谷

病毒生命周期通常通过作用于其RNA的精确机制来协调。例如,微小RNA miR-122与丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的病毒RNA基因组相互作用,并且是HCV复制所需的。在过去一年,几个小组报告了对病毒感染的新的RNA调节控制,转录后RNA修饰N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)。这种可逆的RNA修饰是真核RNA中超过60种已


图片来自:Plos Pathogens

病毒生命周期通常通过作用于其RNA的精确机制来协调。例如,微小RNA miR-122与丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的病毒RNA基因组相互作用,并且是HCV复制所需的。在过去一年,几个小组报告了对病毒感染的新的RNA调节控制,转录后RNA修饰N6-甲基腺苷(m6A)。这种可逆的RNA修饰是真核RNA中超过60种已知化学修饰的最普遍的内部修饰。而病毒的RNA m6A修饰的积累,是由一套包括甲基转移酶和脱甲基酶的机制调控的。通过影响mRNA和非编码RNA结构,定位和功能,m6A在许多基本生物过程中起着重要作用。

病毒RNA上,RNA修饰的存在,可以阻止通过引发抗病毒先天免疫的宿主模式识别受体的检测,通俗地说就是病毒可以逃避宿主细胞的侦查和追杀。事实上,宿主也可以用m6A修饰来增强自身的抗性。两个研究已经表明,RNA的体外的m6A修饰,通过已知的RNA传感模式识别受体TLR3和RIG-I (可改善的先天免疫激活)来加强自身的天然免疫机制。

病毒感染诱导宿主转录组和蛋白质组的广泛变化。因此,并不奇怪的是,病毒感染也可以改变m6A在宿主细胞的表观转录组。 具体来说,病毒感染期间,m6A的水平在mRNA的5'UTR A增加,在3'UTRs区域的m6A修饰减少。5'UTRs 区域的m6A修饰在热休克时会在热休克蛋白的mRNA中增加,这会促进这些mRNA的翻译。有趣的是,在病毒感染期间,许多m6A还可以改变转录物相关的病毒复制和免疫应答。因此,m6A可以修饰特定的mRNA,可导致病毒感染更容易发生,或者对宿主而言可以加强对病毒感染的抗性,允许更多一层的基因表达调控。

作为RNA功能的重要转录后调节剂,m6A和其他RNA修饰可能调节所有类型的病毒的感染。最近的科学技术进步,已经为系统地探索关于m6A在病毒感染过程中的作用,及其相关的许多突出问题,奠定了基础。展望未来,干扰宿主m6A机制和突变m6A病毒RNA中的机理,将是用于研究m6A对病毒RNA结构,定位,剪接,稳定性,翻译和免疫逃逸的功能的重要技术。此外,了解病毒或宿主诱导的细胞m6A外转录组中的变化,对于了解病毒感染期间的基因调控至关重要。事实上,对于许多基本的生物系统,病毒感染可能被证明是一个有用的模型,了解m6A 如何影响细胞RNA表达和功能, 意义非凡。因此,我们预计,病毒学和其令人兴奋的发现,将是m6A修饰RNA研究的核心。 

原始出处:

Nandan S. Gokhale, Stacy M. Horner RNA modifications go viral. PLoS Pathogens March 9, 2017

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    2017-05-12 cnxcy
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1786119, encodeId=b5be1e86119d2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e30813e89e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pathogens#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13789, encryptionId=e30813e89e2, topicName=Pathogens)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri May 12 23:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1647762, encodeId=025a164e762f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac501119586' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#m6A#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11195, encryptionId=ac501119586, topicName=m6A)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e88323484130, createdName=kcb077, createdTime=Mon Jun 05 13:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=181528, encodeId=5ac218152877, content=这是60余种RNA修饰中的一种,是可逆的修饰。这个调节机制非常有用。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/03/10/2d2c94db8b48774eec31bd650b904a27.jpg, createdBy=027f2033822, createdName=schorr, createdTime=Tue Mar 21 05:08:25 CST 2017, time=2017-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569279, encodeId=f93d15692e995, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c562e42646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#修饰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=27426, encryptionId=1c562e42646, topicName=修饰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29c615505859, createdName=zhangyxzsh, createdTime=Sun Mar 19 04:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1603329, encodeId=1076160332981, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4800e091642' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病毒学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70916, encryptionId=4800e091642, topicName=病毒学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2ed319029923, createdName=周虎, createdTime=Sun Mar 19 04:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-06-05 kcb077
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1786119, encodeId=b5be1e86119d2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e30813e89e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Pathogens#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13789, encryptionId=e30813e89e2, topicName=Pathogens)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=827b160, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Fri May 12 23:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1647762, encodeId=025a164e762f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ac501119586' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#m6A#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11195, encryptionId=ac501119586, topicName=m6A)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e88323484130, createdName=kcb077, createdTime=Mon Jun 05 13:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-06-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=181528, encodeId=5ac218152877, content=这是60余种RNA修饰中的一种,是可逆的修饰。这个调节机制非常有用。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/03/10/2d2c94db8b48774eec31bd650b904a27.jpg, createdBy=027f2033822, createdName=schorr, createdTime=Tue Mar 21 05:08:25 CST 2017, time=2017-03-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1569279, encodeId=f93d15692e995, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c562e42646' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#修饰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=27426, encryptionId=1c562e42646, topicName=修饰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29c615505859, createdName=zhangyxzsh, createdTime=Sun Mar 19 04:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1603329, encodeId=1076160332981, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4800e091642' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病毒学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70916, encryptionId=4800e091642, topicName=病毒学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=2ed319029923, createdName=周虎, createdTime=Sun Mar 19 04:22:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-19, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-03-21 schorr

    这是60余种RNA修饰中的一种,是可逆的修饰。这个调节机制非常有用。

    0

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    2017-03-19 zhangyxzsh
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    2017-03-19 周虎

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