Circulation：镇暴枪可致人心跳骤停甚至死亡

Don't aim at the chest (Image: ZUMA Wire Service/Alamy)

泰瑟枪又称镇暴枪，可以使人的中枢神经暂时处于瘫痪状态，但不会影响呼吸和心脏功能，全身肌肉松弛无力。但是近日，一项刊登在国际杂志Circulation上的研究表示，用泰瑟枪击中胸部可以导致人心跳骤停以及死亡。

这项研究由来自印第安纳波利斯的Krannert心脏病研究所的研究者Douglas Zipes领导，研究者在2006年至2009年间选取了8种案例，年龄在16到48岁之间无意识的健康男性进行实验研究，发现参与者在靠近心脏部位携带带电流的小针（darts）时，他们之中会有7人死亡。

在每一个案例中，研究者Zipes分析了参与者每次休克所持续的时间以及测量强心剂的效应，最后研究者发现对胸部进行50000伏特电压重击时可以引起心跳不规则进而引起心脏骤停。研究者的这项研究将对反对使用电击武器提供一些帮助，在美国每年因为这种武器使用至少导致500人死亡，美国国家司法研究所近日发布消息，主张警察使用泰瑟枪时要慎重，并且指出，警察并不一定要使用泰瑟枪在人的胸部进行射击。

doi:10.1161/​CIRCULATIONAHA.112.097584
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Sudden Cardiac Arrest and Death Associated with Application of Shocks from a TASER Electronic Control Device

Douglas P. Zipes*

Background—Rationale: The safety of electronic control devices (ECDs) has been questioned. The rationale for this submission was to analyze in detail cases of loss of consciousness associated with ECD deployment. Methods and Results—Eight cases of TASER X26 ECD-induced loss of consciousness were studied. In each instance, when available, police, medical and emergency response records, ECD dataport interrogation, automated external defibrillator (AED) information, ECG strips, depositions, and autopsy results were analyzed. First recorded rhythms were ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in six and asystole (after about 30 minutes of non-responsiveness) in one. An external defibrillator reported a "shockable rhythm" in one, but no recording was made. This report offers evidence regarding the mechanism by which an ECD can produce transthoracic stimulation resulting in cardiac electrical capture and ventricular arrhythmias leading to cardiac arrest. Conclusions—ECD stimulation can cause cardiac electrical capture and provoke cardiac arrest due to ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation. After prolonged ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation without resuscitation, asystole develops.