JAMA Oncol:紫杉醇+顺铂+卡培他滨诱导化疗可改善晚期鼻咽癌患者的生存预后

2022-04-07 Nebula MedSci原创

与采用顺铂+氟尿嘧啶方案诱导化疗相比,采用紫杉醇+顺铂+卡培他滨方案诱导治疗两个疗程可提高IVA-IVB期鼻咽癌患者的无治疗失败生存率。

鼻咽癌是我国高发的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率为耳鼻咽喉恶性肿瘤之首。鼻咽癌多对放疗具有中度敏感性,放疗是鼻咽癌的首选治疗方法。但对较高分化癌以及晚期或复发性病例,手术切除和化疗亦属于不可缺少的手段。在同步放化疗的基础上,加用诱导化疗可显著延长局部晚期鼻咽癌患者的生存期,但最佳诱导化疗方案尚不明确。

本研究旨在对比放化疗前予以紫杉醇+顺铂+卡培他滨(TPC)vs 顺铂+氟尿嘧啶(PF)诱导化疗对IVA-IVB期鼻咽癌患者预后的影响。

这是一项开放标签的、随机的3期临床试验,自2016年10月20日至2019年8月29日期间从中国的4家医院招募初治的非角化型鼻咽癌患者(18-65岁)。受试患者被随机(1:1)分成两组,接受TPC或PF方案诱导化疗,继以放化疗。主要终点是无失败生产率。次要终点包括无远处转移生存率、无局部复发生产率、总生存率、肿瘤反应和安全性。


两治疗组的无治疗失败生存率(A)、无远处转移生存率(B)、无局部复发生产率(C)、总生存率(D)

共招募了238位患者(187位男性,中位年龄45岁),随机分至两组,TPC组 118位,PF组 120位。中位随访了48.4个月。TPC组和PF组的3年无治疗失败生存率分别是83.5%和68.9%(复发或死亡的分层风险比[HR] 0.47,p=0.004)。与PF方案相比,采用TPC方案诱导化疗可显著降低患者的远处转移和局部复发风险(分层HR分别是0.49[p=0.04]和0.40[p=0.03])。但是,两组的早期总生产率无显著差异(分层HR 0.45, p=0.10)。


治疗相关的急性不良事件

在TPC组中,3-4级急性不良事件和晚发型副作用的发生率分别是57.6%(n=68)和13.6%(16/118);在PF组中,3-4级急性不良事件和晚发型副作用的发生率分别是65.8%(n=79)和17.9%(21/117)。只有PF组发生了一例治疗相关死亡。

综上,该随机试验表明,与采用PF方案诱导化疗相比,采用TPC方案诱导治疗两个疗程可提高IVA-IVB期鼻咽癌患者的无治疗失败生存率,且不增加毒性

 

原始出处:

Li W, Lv X, Hu D, et al. Effect of Induction Chemotherapy With Paclitaxel, Cisplatin, and Capecitabine vs Cisplatin and Fluorouracil on Failure-Free Survival for Patients With Stage IVA to IVB Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Multicenter Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol. Published online March 24, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.0122.

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