治疗性抗癌疫苗与CAR-T疗法在脑瘤研究方面取得新突破

2016-03-08 恒瑞源正 恒瑞源正

治疗性抗癌疫苗 高级别神经胶质瘤(glioma)是最具侵袭性的脑癌之一,尽管手术、化疗和放疗能够让病情有所改善,但是这类患者存活超过5年的不到10%。3月2日,发表在《Science Translational Medicine》上的一项研究中,科学家们提出的新一代细胞免疫疗法或将为战胜脑癌带来希望。 细胞免疫疗法是通过注射治疗性抗癌疫苗刺激患者的免疫系统,使之能够攻击肿瘤。在这一研究中,

治疗性抗癌疫苗

高级别神经胶质瘤(glioma)是最具侵袭性的脑癌之一,尽管手术、化疗和放疗能够让病情有所改善,但是这类患者存活超过5年的不到10%。3月2日,发表在《Science Translational Medicine》上的一项研究中,科学家们提出的新一代细胞免疫疗法或将为战胜脑癌带来希望。

细胞免疫疗法是通过注射治疗性抗癌疫苗刺激患者的免疫系统,使之能够攻击肿瘤。在这一研究中,鲁汶大学的科学家们将小鼠的脑癌细胞诱导成了一种特殊的死亡类型。随后,他们将这种垂死的癌细胞与树突状细胞一起培养。结果发现,垂死的癌细胞会释放危险信号,充分激活树突状细胞。

领导该研究的Patrizia Agostinis教授说:“我们将被激活的树突状细胞作为一种治疗性疫苗,重新注射到小鼠体内。观察发现,疫苗能够发出‘警报’,提醒免疫系统癌细胞的存在,并开始攻击脑瘤。”研究显示,结合化疗,这种新型的细胞免疫疗法能够显着提高脑癌小鼠的生存率,几乎50%的小鼠被完全治愈。

Agostinis表示,抗癌治疗的主要目标都是杀死所有的癌细胞,防止任何残余的恶性细胞生长或者再次扩散。然而,仅通过化疗很少能实现这样的目标,很多患者最终病情会复发。这也是为什么免疫系统的共刺激在癌症治疗中如此重要。

CAR-T治疗脑瘤获突破进展

近日,CAR-T疗法治疗实体瘤也取得了一项突破进展。发表在《Cancer Immunology Research》上的一项研究中,名古屋大学领导的研究小组发现,一种特殊的免疫细胞能够靶向肿瘤生长中的关键蛋白,帮助阻止脑癌发展。论文的通讯作者Atsushi Natsume说:“我们成功设计了能够特异性靶向podoplanin(PDPN)的CAR-T细胞疗法。”

成胶质细胞瘤(glioblastoma,GBM)是最常见、最具侵袭性的脑瘤之一,中数生存率仅14.6个月,5年生存率不到10%。PDPN是实体瘤发展过程中的一种关键蛋白。研究人员发现,注射他们设计的CAR-T细胞到79只免疫缺陷的小鼠中,成功阻止了其中60%的小鼠成胶质细胞瘤的生长。

论文的共同作者Toshihiko Wakabayashi说:“考虑到PDPN 与GBM的不良预后相关,靶向PDPN的CAR-T疗法给一线化疗后复发或耐药的患者带来了新的希望。尽管这一免疫疗法的临床应用还有很多需要克服的挑战,但这一研究是CAR-T治疗实体瘤的重要里程碑。”(生物谷Bioon.com)

参考文献

《CAR-T Cells Targeting Podoplanin Reduce Orthotopic Glioblastomas in Mouse Brains》

《Dendritic cell vaccines based on immunogenic cell death elicit danger signals and T cell–driven rejection of high-grade glioma》

(原标题:免疫疗法为治愈脑瘤带来新希望!)


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    2016-09-27 仁者大医
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    2016-07-01 zxxiang
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    2016-03-23 jetleo

    特异性靶向podoplanin(PDPN)的CAR-T细胞疗法

    0

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    2016-03-23 jetleo

    免疫系统的共刺激

    0

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    2016-03-15 MDSC

    有NK丅比CART更好吗

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1781098, encodeId=4ff61e81098aa, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8ce8405907' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CAR-#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4059, encryptionId=8ce8405907, topicName=CAR-)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8e886, createdName=仁者大医, createdTime=Tue Sep 27 01:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1724897, encodeId=79c31e248976e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9ee758586bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新突破#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58586, encryptionId=9ee758586bb, topicName=新突破)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=792a33728807, createdName=zxxiang, createdTime=Fri Jul 01 20:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=73002, encodeId=d932e3002ed, content=特异性靶向podoplanin(PDPN)的CAR-T细胞疗法, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Wed Mar 23 17:05:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=73000, encodeId=5520e300076, content=免疫系统的共刺激, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=174, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Wed Mar 23 17:04:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=69549, encodeId=1851695499a, content=有NK丅比CART更好吗, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=201, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80c31700233, createdName=MDSC, createdTime=Tue Mar 15 23:58:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1275663, encodeId=989012e56635b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=aad38494640' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑瘤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=40, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84946, encryptionId=aad38494640, topicName=脑瘤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=373a131, createdName=jxrzshh, createdTime=Thu Mar 10 07:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-10 jxrzshh

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