病例分析:警惕卡马西平和利福平相互作用

2014-07-23 佚名 医学论坛网

美国学者报告了一例有关利福平和卡马西平的可能药物相互作用以及可能引发癫痫的病例。论文发表于《药物技术杂志》。病例概况:患者55岁女性,接受卡马西平治疗癫痫大发作,剂量为每天3次,每次200 mg,控制良好。给药后6小时卡马西平浓度为10.7 µg/mL (有效治疗浓度范围 = 4-10 µg/mL)。患者诊断为肺部分支杆菌复合群感染后接受药物治疗,包括每天2次、每次300 mg的利福平,每天1次、

美国学者报告了一例有关利福平和卡马西平的可能药物相互作用以及可能引发癫痫的病例。论文发表于《药物技术杂志》。

病例概况:患者55岁女性,接受卡马西平治疗癫痫大发作,剂量为每天3次,每次200 mg,控制良好。给药后6小时卡马西平浓度为10.7 µg/mL (有效治疗浓度范围 = 4-10 µg/mL)。患者诊断为肺部分支杆菌复合群感染后接受药物治疗,包括每天2次、每次300 mg的利福平,每天1次、每次800 mg乙胺丁醇和每天2次、每次500mg克拉霉素。


第一次门诊就诊时,利福平的剂量改为每天600mg,克拉霉素替换为每天250mg阿奇霉素。给药后4小时卡马西平浓度为7.1 µg/mL。两周后,患者出现癫痫发作(发作时未报告卡马西平浓度),但是患者承认漏服几次卡马西平。再次出现两次癫痫发作后,患者停止服用利福平。随后,卡马西平剂量增加至每天两次、每次400mg;重新服用利福平,剂量为每天600mg。两次随访的卡马西平浓度峰值分别为4.7 µg/mL和4.4 µg/mL,未报告癫痫发作。未鉴别出癫痫发作或卡马西平浓度较低的其他潜在原因。药物相互作用可能性等级评分为6,表示很可能存在药物相互作用。

讨论:
利福平对卡马西平浓度影响的相关报告存在冲突,可能表明利福平的作用具有时间依赖性,对转运体和细胞色素P450酶具有混合效应。

结论:本病例报告中,患者治疗方案中增加利福平之后出现癫痫发作,随后出现卡马西平峰值降低。如果患者同时接受利福平和卡马西平治疗,建议对其有效治疗浓度范围进行监控,使药物治疗效果达到最佳。


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    2017-01-30 1e1faf73m82(暂无匿称)

    确实是该警惕

    0

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    2016-10-05 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    确实应该警惕!

    0

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    2014-07-26 chen111111

    结核性脑炎患者发生癫痫的患者

    0

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    2014-07-25 ylz8405

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本次AAN还关注了育龄期女性癫痫患者的治疗,认为: 1、对育龄期女性癫痫患者、在妊娠前预先给予叶酸确实能够减少胎儿先天性发育畸形的发生,因此建议所有具备生育可能的妇女、不论有否癫痫疾病,应当鼓励其在考虑妊娠前与妊娠期期间每日服用至少0.4mg的叶酸。 2、并没有足够的证据表明服用抗癫痫药物的女性癫痫患者生育的新生儿发生颅内出血并发症的几率会高于普通人群;同样缺乏证据表明预先补充Vit 

Nat Commun:用设计的受体来治疗癫痫

设计用来对特定药物做出反应的受体在大鼠脑中的表达,已被发现能有效减少有局限性癫痫的动物的发作次数。发表在本期Nature Communications上的这项研究,对于治疗那些对当前的治疗方式没有反应的形式的癫痫来说,可能会被证明是一个有用的策略。【原文下载】 由局限性癫痫造成的发作是神经失能的一个主要原因。遗憾的是,这种类型的癫痫以难以治疗著称。然而,研究表明,也许可以采用光遗传学方式(利用光