阿奇霉素:四种情况不能使用 !

2016-05-12 佚名 药评中心

阿奇霉素被广泛地运用于临床,一方面,在支原体感染所致的性传播疾病中,阿奇霉素是很有效的药物;另一方面,一日一次,一次0.25g,连服5日,患者依从性高;再者,作为一种大环内酯类抗生素,阿奇霉素的副作用轻微。 然而,最近的研究结果显示,与未服用抗生素的患者相比,阿奇霉素5日疗法死亡风险显著增加(心血管死亡风险HR:2.88;其他原因致死风险HR:1.85)。与阿莫西林相比,阿奇霉素服用者心

阿奇霉素被广泛地运用于临床,一方面,在支原体感染所致的性传播疾病中,阿奇霉素是很有效的药物;另一方面,一日一次,一次0.25g,连服5日,患者依从性高;再者,作为一种大环内酯类抗生素,阿奇霉素的副作用轻微。
 
然而,最近的研究结果显示,与未服用抗生素的患者相比,阿奇霉素5日疗法死亡风险显著增加(心血管死亡风险HR:2.88;其他原因致死风险HR:1.85)。与阿莫西林相比,阿奇霉素服用者心血管死亡风险亦明显升高,且在心血管疾病高危患者中最为显著。
 
如何更加合理用好阿奇霉素,以避免致命性心律失常的风险?对此,美国FDA提出了如下建议:
 
1.确诊的QT间期延长,先天性长QT间期综合征,尖端扭转型室速病史,心动过缓,或失代偿性心力衰竭不能使用;
 
2.患者处于促心律失常状态,例如未纠正的低钾血症、低镁血症患者不能使用;
 
3.正在使用延长QT间期药物的患者,比如IA型(丙吡胺、奎尼丁、双氢奎尼丁)和III型(胺碘酮、多非利特、伊布利特、索他洛尔)抗心律失常药物;抗精神病药物;抗抑郁药物;氟喹诺酮类药物(如莫西沙星、左氧氟沙星);其他药物(西沙比利、咪唑斯汀)治疗的患者不能使用;
 
4.老年心脏病患者对影响QT间期的药物更为敏感,所以不能使用。
 
美国FDA同时建议对于存在上述情况的患者,应更换其他抗生素治疗,在选择替代药物时应考虑:喹诺酮类药物与其它大环内酯类药物同样存在QT间期延长的副作用。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106878, encodeId=53341068e82b, content=深入学习,好文值得点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 14:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95466, encodeId=03cf954668b, content=谢谢,学习到新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Mon Aug 01 22:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86217, encodeId=8d798621e63, content=学习了抗生素的新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=31721725856, createdName=1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 18 04:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86002, encodeId=61ef8600215, content=学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170701/IMG595791009FB761316.jpg, createdBy=abd01695121, createdName=吴教授, createdTime=Mon May 16 16:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85627, encodeId=9ad08562e8d, content=学习了很好的资料, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Fri May 13 00:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-29 ylzr123

    深入学习,好文值得点赞!

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106878, encodeId=53341068e82b, content=深入学习,好文值得点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 14:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95466, encodeId=03cf954668b, content=谢谢,学习到新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Mon Aug 01 22:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86217, encodeId=8d798621e63, content=学习了抗生素的新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=31721725856, createdName=1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 18 04:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86002, encodeId=61ef8600215, content=学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170701/IMG595791009FB761316.jpg, createdBy=abd01695121, createdName=吴教授, createdTime=Mon May 16 16:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85627, encodeId=9ad08562e8d, content=学习了很好的资料, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Fri May 13 00:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-01 刘煜

    谢谢,学习到新知识。

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106878, encodeId=53341068e82b, content=深入学习,好文值得点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 14:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95466, encodeId=03cf954668b, content=谢谢,学习到新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Mon Aug 01 22:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86217, encodeId=8d798621e63, content=学习了抗生素的新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=31721725856, createdName=1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 18 04:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86002, encodeId=61ef8600215, content=学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170701/IMG595791009FB761316.jpg, createdBy=abd01695121, createdName=吴教授, createdTime=Mon May 16 16:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85627, encodeId=9ad08562e8d, content=学习了很好的资料, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Fri May 13 00:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-18 1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称)

    学习了抗生素的新知识

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106878, encodeId=53341068e82b, content=深入学习,好文值得点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 14:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95466, encodeId=03cf954668b, content=谢谢,学习到新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Mon Aug 01 22:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86217, encodeId=8d798621e63, content=学习了抗生素的新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=31721725856, createdName=1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 18 04:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86002, encodeId=61ef8600215, content=学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170701/IMG595791009FB761316.jpg, createdBy=abd01695121, createdName=吴教授, createdTime=Mon May 16 16:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85627, encodeId=9ad08562e8d, content=学习了很好的资料, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Fri May 13 00:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-16 吴教授

    学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106878, encodeId=53341068e82b, content=深入学习,好文值得点赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 14:21:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=95466, encodeId=03cf954668b, content=谢谢,学习到新知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/21/72142930668371951a41ef4ea4b233e6.jpg, createdBy=dcbc1715228, createdName=刘煜, createdTime=Mon Aug 01 22:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86217, encodeId=8d798621e63, content=学习了抗生素的新知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=31721725856, createdName=1ded7dd9m47(暂无匿称), createdTime=Wed May 18 04:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=86002, encodeId=61ef8600215, content=学到了,每天增加一点抗生素治疗知识。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20170701/IMG595791009FB761316.jpg, createdBy=abd01695121, createdName=吴教授, createdTime=Mon May 16 16:09:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=85627, encodeId=9ad08562e8d, content=学习了很好的资料, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4bfa83595, createdName=jetleo, createdTime=Fri May 13 00:06:00 CST 2016, time=2016-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-05-13 jetleo

    学习了很好的资料

    0

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