Microbiologyopen:联合用药或能击败“超级真菌”

2019-06-26 杜贝贝 生物探索

最新研究表明,对于控制高传染性和致命真菌的传播,抗真菌和抗细菌药物的组合可能是目前有效的一种治疗武器。

最新研究表明,对于控制高传染性和致命真菌的传播,抗真菌和抗细菌药物的组合可能是目前有效的一种治疗武器。

当地时间2019年6月21日,美国微生物学会年会2019年年会(ASM Microbe 2019)如期举行。在本次大会上,来自国际知名的医疗中心——美国贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心(BIDMC)的微生物学家Thea Brennan-Krohn及其团队带来了解决致命真菌耐药性的最新研究成果:对于控制高传染性和致命的耳念珠菌(C. auris)的传播,抗真菌和抗细菌药物的联合用药可能是目前有效的一种治疗武器。

耳念珠菌:“超级真菌”

耳念珠菌,首次出现在2009年日本京都老年医院一位70岁日本老奶奶的耳道分泌物中,自此成为念珠菌家族的新成员。它长期存活在患者、医护人员的皮肤或者医院设施的表面,攻击对象往往是免疫力较弱的患者。

尽管目前有着较为完善的抗菌药,但仍然阻挡不了C. auris成为“超级真菌”的步伐。它,是为数不多能够侵入人体血液从而感染心脏、大脑等重要人体器官的“致命真菌”,并且,它的“凶险” 还在于诊断困难、高致死率以及多重耐药性(MDP)这一“护身符”。

C. auris的由来十分神秘,如今在自然环境中还分离不到该菌的存在,科学家们也只能推测它是近年来专为快速适应并植入人体的“进化体”。

目前,大多数C. auris感染病例对至少一种抗真菌药物具有耐药性,有约三分之一的感染病例对两种或两种以上的抗真菌药物具有耐药性。

喷墨打印诊断:抗菌筛查快人一步

在本次研究之前,Thea Brennan-Krohn团队已试验了用喷墨打印诊断技术对MDP进行测试,解决了对大量实验对象的快速检测方法以及分析抗菌协同作用的经典时间。

在本次对于C. auris的多重耐药性的组合药物测试中,研究人员依旧沿用了这一快速且稳定的抗菌筛查技术。

本次测试的是抗真菌药物联合疗法,由三种主流抗真菌药与两种抗细菌药联合使用。研究人员使用喷墨技术将均匀的C. auris样品分配到实验用 96孔板中,并测试了针对10个关于抑制C. auris菌株的10种药物组合。

值得一提的是,如果是手工完成这一过程,至少需要50小时。而使用喷墨分配器却只花费了总共不到两个小时就找到了抗真菌和抗细菌药物的三种新型组合,这些药物均对这一“超级致命”的病原体表现出活性。

药物组合疗效好

Brennan-Krohn还激动地发现,这种新型的药物组合治疗方式不仅可以防止C. auris生长,而且还成功地杀死了一些其它受试菌株。

尽管这些药物尚未在感染C. auris的人体中进行联合验证,但Brennan-Krohn博士评估的所有药物都是FDA所批准且目前适用于临床抗生素药物,例如:抗真菌药——两性霉素和卡泊芬净以及抗细菌药物——米诺环素和利福平。

未来,研究人员们希望这一药物组合可以在实验室中得到证实,这样也就可能意味着C. auris感染的患者可以获得更为有效的治疗选择。

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    2020-02-23 xjy02
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    2019-09-02 sunylz
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    2020-05-01 feather89
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    2019-06-28 zhaojie88
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    2019-06-27 yydlt

    值得学习

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