肾活检助早期诊断肾淀粉样变

2012-04-10 范振光 中华肾脏病杂志

    最近,复旦大学附属中山医院肾内科的研究人员的一项研究显示,肾淀粉样变好发于中老年患者,无特异性临床表现,误诊率高。中老年肾病综合征患者伴血压下降、体质量下降、器官体积增大应高度怀疑本病。大多数患者伴有单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链阳性。肾组织病理检查,尤其刚果红染色和电子显微镜检查对早期诊断极为重要。免疫组织化学染色对肾淀粉样变的分型及指导治疗至关重要。该研究发表于2011年第1

    最近,复旦大学附属中山医院肾内科的研究人员的一项研究显示,肾淀粉样变好发于中老年患者,无特异性临床表现,误诊率高。中老年肾病综合征患者伴血压下降、体质量下降、器官体积增大应高度怀疑本病。大多数患者伴有单克隆免疫球蛋白轻链阳性。肾组织病理检查,尤其刚果红染色和电子显微镜检查对早期诊断极为重要。免疫组织化学染色对肾淀粉样变的分型及指导治疗至关重要。该研究发表于2011年第10期《中华肾脏病杂志》。       该研究旨在分析肾淀粉样变患者肾脏及其他损伤脏器的临床病理特点,有利早期诊断肾淀粉样变。       任丽等研究人员分析2006年至2010年在中山医院肾内科确诊的肾淀粉样变患者的临床和肾脏病理资料,并根据肾组织中淀粉样蛋白A、轻链蛋白K、λ沉积情况进行分型。       结果显示,26例患者入选,年龄(40~77)岁。22例(84.62%)患者曾在当地诊治0.8-24个月,其中21例临床诊断为原发性肾小球肾炎,误诊率为95.45%。肾淀粉样变患者常见临床表现为肾病综合征(17例,65.38%)、血压下降(16例,61.53%)、组织器官体积增大(8例,30.77%)、体质量下降(6例,23.08%)。56.00%(14/25例)患者血免疫固定电泳阳性。3例(11.54%)患者光镜表现不典型,刚果红染色可疑阳性,经电镜确诊为肾淀粉样变。AL型23例(88.46%),AA型1例(3.85%),高度怀疑遗传型1例,未分型1例。

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    2012-04-12 smlt2008
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