Gastroenterology:发现胃癌存在三种亚型

2013-09-04 davidtower 生物无忧

根据一项新的研究,来自杜克-新加坡国立大学医学研究生院的研究人员发现胃癌实际上可分为三个大的亚型,不同的胃癌亚型对当前的疗法作出不同的反应。相关研究结果发表在2013年9月那期Gastroenterology期刊上,论文标题为“Identification of Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer With Different Responses to

根据一项新的研究,来自杜克-新加坡国立大学医学研究生院的研究人员发现胃癌实际上可分为三个大的亚型,不同的胃癌亚型对当前的疗法作出不同的反应。相关研究结果发表在2013年9月那期Gastroenterology期刊上,论文标题为“Identification of Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer With Different Responses to PI3-Kinase Inhibitors and 5-Fluorouracil”。这些发现有助人们开发出一种基因测试来对胃癌进行分类,以便给病人提供具有最好治疗效果的疗法,从而极大地改善病人健康。【原文下载

论文通信作者Steve Rozen博士说,“让胃癌如此致命的原因之一在于它起源自很多基因变异,从而让它们对疗法作出不同的反应。我们的研究已证实胃癌实际上存在三种截然不同的分子亚型,这似乎在生物学上和治疗上都有意义。”

尽管胃癌对疗法的反应不一致,但是病人经常接受一刀切的治疗方法,从而导致在美国5年存活率只有大约27%。

另一名论文通信作者Patrick Tan博士说,“人们迫切需要改善对胃癌的分类,以便深入认识胃癌的生物学特征,从而可能有助预测治疗反应。”

利用一种被称作基于微阵列的基因表达谱的技术,Rozen和同事们分析了248种胃癌,然后按照这些肿瘤中的基因表达情形对它们进行分组。

这种基因表达分析将胃癌广泛地分为三种亚型:增殖型(proliferative)、代谢型(metabolic)和间充质型(mesenchymal)。这些亚型在它们的基因组和表观基因组性质上也存在差异。

增殖型胃癌拥有高度的基因组不稳定型,并且肿瘤抑制基因TP53发生突变。代谢型胃癌细胞对化疗药物5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fluorouracil, 5-FU)更加敏感。间充质型胃癌细胞具有一些肿瘤干细胞(cancer stem cell)的特征,对一种被称作PI3K AKT mTOR抑制剂的药物特别敏感。

Rozen说,“就临床治疗而言,我们的研究有两项大量希望的发现。第一就是5-FU能够特别有效地抵抗代谢型胃癌,第二就是靶向PI3K AKT mTOR途径的药物可能特别有效地抵抗间充质型胃癌。”

论文第一作者Zhengdeng Lei博士说,“如果在未来的研究中得到证实的话,那么这项研究中所报道的胃癌分类可能指导人们开发出针对不同胃癌亚型的疗法。”

原文下载  

Lei Z, Tan IB, Das K, Deng N, Zouridis H, Pattison S, Chua C, Feng Z, Guan YK, Ooi CH, Ivanova T, Zhang S, Lee M, Wu J, Ngo A, Manesh S, Tan E, Teh BT, So JB, Goh LK, Boussioutas A, Lim TK, Flotow H, Tan P, Rozen SG.Identification of Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer With Different Responses to PI3-Kinase Inhibitors and 5-Fluorouracil.Gastroenterology. 2013 Sep;145(3):554-65.       

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    2013-11-25 许安
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    2013-09-04 ppswppp

    亚型的设定能够让患者接受更符合自身情况的治疗方案,能够让疗效发挥得更加充分。

    0

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    病史简介及诊疗经过   病史简介 患者男性,49岁,体能状况良好,生活可自理,因无明显诱因出现吞咽不适,无呕吐、无反酸、嗳气1个月于2012年1月17日中山大学肿瘤防治中心 就诊。查体示浅表淋巴结未触及肿大,腹平软,