Nature Nanotechnology :DNA纳米粒子安全瞄准肿瘤 可直接送药

2014-02-08 佚名 生物360

日前,来自多伦多大学等机构的研究人员在《自然·纳米技术》杂志上报告称,他们发现了一种金纳米粒子组装方法,可作为运输工具直接将癌症治疗药物或识别标记传送入肿瘤中。论文第一作者、多伦多大学生物材料和生物医学工程研究所(IBBME)博士研究生周佑廷(Leo Y. T. Chou)表示,要让药物进入肿瘤,它们需具备一定的尺寸。肿瘤具有多孔特征,基于肿瘤类型和发展阶段的不同,孔的大小大约在50到500纳米之

日前,来自多伦多大学等机构的研究人员在《自然·纳米技术》杂志上报告称,他们发现了一种金纳米粒子组装方法,可作为运输工具直接将癌症治疗药物或识别标记传送入肿瘤中。



论文第一作者、多伦多大学生物材料和生物医学工程研究所(IBBME)博士研究生周佑廷(Leo Y. T. Chou)表示,要让药物进入肿瘤,它们需具备一定的尺寸。肿瘤具有多孔特征,基于肿瘤类型和发展阶段的不同,孔的大小大约在50到500纳米之间。该项研究的目标在于,将足够小的纳米粒子穿过这些孔并悬浮在肿瘤内,以对癌症进行治疗或成像。如果粒子太大,它将无法进入肿瘤内,太小则又会很快地从肿瘤内溜走。

该研究所陈志和(Warren C. W. Chan)教授及其领导的研究团队通过创建与 DNA “粘”在一起的模块化结构来解决上述问题。他们使用的分子组装模型,可像搭积木一样将精心制作的片状材料装配成精确结构。周博士说,这种设计策略的主要优势是高度模块化,从而允许纳米粒子在进进出出间交换成分,更容易地创建出多功能系统,或是筛选出具有理想生物学行为的纳米粒子。
留在体内的纳米粒子具有毒性长期风险,这已成为纳米医学研究的一大严峻挑战。周博士举例说,患者在年轻时罹患癌症,通过多次注射这些金属离子,数年后将会有重金属纳米粒子保留在体内,从而导致出现其他问题。而 DNA (脱氧核糖核酸)是柔性的,随着时间的推移,体内的天然酶可引起 DNA 降解,组装件将会分崩瓦解。人体然后可通过尿液安全地、轻易地排掉较小的粒子。
研究人员在为此项突破高兴的同时,也意识到尚有大量工作要做。譬如 DNA 设计如何影响稳定性,而稳定性的缺乏到底是有益还是有害等。研究人员指出,使用 DNA 组装来打造复杂、智能纳米技术以用于癌症治疗或成像,目前尚处于非常初期的开发阶段.

原文出处:

Leo Y. T. Chou, Kyryl Zagorovsky& Warren C. W. Chan. DNA assembly of nanoparticle superstructures for controlled biological delivery and elimination. Nature Nanotechnology, 26 January 2014; 

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    2014-03-14 liye789132251
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    2014-05-15 shock_melon
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