美国国立卫生研究院:芯片技术辅助干细胞治疗眼疾

2015-05-06 佚名 中国眼网

来自美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的研究人员最近开发了一项技术,使用该技术可加速干细胞形成组织,该技术同时测量多种基因的表达,帮助研究人员根据细胞功能和发育阶段对细胞进行分类。例如使用该技术将帮助研究人员使用患者的皮肤细胞再生视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE,眼球后方的组织,许多盲眼该部位受损),其还将帮助研究人员寻找个性化药物治疗。该研究成果在近期的Stem Cell TranslationalMedi

来自美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)的研究人员最近开发了一项技术,使用该技术可加速干细胞形成组织,该技术同时测量多种基因的表达,帮助研究人员根据细胞功能和发育阶段对细胞进行分类。例如使用该技术将帮助研究人员使用患者的皮肤细胞再生视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE,眼球后方的组织,许多盲眼该部位受损),其还将帮助研究人员寻找个性化药物治疗。该研究成果在近期的Stem Cell TranslationalMedicine杂志上发表。

RPE是一个位于视网膜附近的单细胞层,其上布满着含有感光受体的视锥和视杆细胞,RPE对于感光功能至关重要,多种导致RPE受损的疾病都会导致视力和感光功能的丧失。

人工诱导多功能干细胞技术(iPS)可促使干细胞形成RPE。为了验证iPS细胞产生的RPE,研究人员使用显微镜和生理功能检测来确保再生组织的形态和功能的正常。研究人员还使用了定量RT-PCR技术检测能反映细胞发育进程和功能的基因表达水平,例如在iPS细胞中,SOX2基因表达比成熟的RPE更高,但定量RT-PCR只允许研究人员对每个样本进行几个基因的同步测量。

研究团队基于生物技术公司Affymetrix的商业化平台开发全新的多重测量芯片(assay)。该芯片能同时高度自动化测量RPE样本上多种基因的表达。在芯片中,小DNA片段被结合到小珠上来捕捉RPE样本中细胞的基因所表达生成的RNA分子。一旦获取,来自不同基因的RNA分子会被荧光标记物标记。

研究人员使用iPS技术诱导皮肤组织生成的RPE,然后检测RPE中8种代表发育、功能、疾病的标志基因的表达。研究团队使用定量RT-PCR技术同时检测每个基因的RNA水平,然后使用多通路芯片同时检测所有的基因,并比较iPS产生的RPE和iPS细胞以及RPE细胞的基因表达差别。相比iPS细胞,iPS产生的RPE的SOX2水平更低,而RPE特异基因PAX6、RPE65、RDH5、TRPM1和BEST1基因更高。相比培育的RPE,iPS产生的RPE的SOX2、PAX6基因表达水平更高(这两种基因是发育相关标记物),但RPE特异性基因水平较低,提示着不成熟的状态。

研究人员表示,该项工作表明可以使用自动高通量技术同时测量iPS产生的RPE的多个基因表达情况,这意味着可以节省开支,增加效率和产出。多通道芯片将被应用到细胞的质量检查,并用于筛选有潜在疗效的化合物,还将帮助改良RPE相关的细胞治疗。

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    2015-07-26 HNYYM
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    2015-05-08 lixiaol