JAMA Intern Med:噻唑烷二酮类疗法可改善非酒精性脂肪肝患者晚期肝纤维化?

2017-06-05 梁舒瑶 吴星 环球医学

2017年5月,发表在《JAMA Intern Med》的一项由意大利科学家进行的荟萃分析表明,噻唑烷二酮类疗法可改善非酒精性脂肪肝(NASH)患者晚期肝纤维化。

2017年5月,发表在《JAMA Intern Med》的一项由意大利科学家进行的荟萃分析表明,噻唑烷二酮类疗法可改善非酒精性脂肪肝(NASH)患者晚期肝纤维化。

重要性:到2020年,NASH预计将成为肝移植的主因。肝活检证实的晚期纤维化(F3-F4期)独立预测NASH患者的全因和肝相关死亡率。NASH相关晚期纤维化目前尚无有效的治疗方法。噻唑烷二酮类疗法已经在NASH患者中进行了广泛研究,且已经完成针对其有效性的随机临床试验(RCTs)。

目的:对噻唑烷二酮类疗法与NASH患者晚期肝纤维化之间的相关性的证据进行综合。

数据来源:MEDLINE、Ovid MEDLINE In-Process、Cochrane Library、EMBASE、clinicaltrials.gov、PubMed和Scopus数据库(无语言限制),以及其他注册和科学会议报告,从建库至2016年8月15日。

研究选择:评价噻唑烷二酮类疗法对活检证实NASH患者的肝组织学特征影响的随机临床试验。

数据提取和综合:两名调查者独立提取研究数据,一式两份,并使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具评价偏倚风险。

主要结局和测量:主要结局为肝活检证实的晚期纤维化的二分改善,定义为纤维从F3-F4期改善至F0-F2期。次要结局为任何分期纤维化至少改善1个点和NASH缓解。该荟萃分析也评价了噻唑烷二酮类疗法疗法的不良影响,包括体重增加、下肢水肿、充血性心力衰竭、骨折、癌症和贫血。使用随机效果模型,二分变量表示为比值比(ORs)和95% CIs,连续变量表示为加权平均差和95% CIs。

结果:本研究分析了8项RCTs(5项评价了吡格列酮,3项评价了马来酸罗格列酮),纳入516例活检证实为NASH,病程在6至24个月的患者。在所有联合研究中,噻唑烷二酮类疗法与晚期纤维化(OR,3.15;95% CI,1.25~7.93;P=0.01;I2=0%)、任何分期纤维化(OR,1.66;95% CI,1.12~2.47;P=0.01;I2=0%)的改善相关,与NASH缓解相关(OR,3.22;95% CI,2.17~4.79;P<0.001;I2=0%)。分析局限于纳入无糖尿病患者的RCTs时产生的结果相似,晚期纤维化改善(OR,2.95;95% CI,1.04~10.90;P=0.02;I2=0%),任何分期纤维化改善(OR,1.76;95% CI,1.02~3.03;P=0.02;I2=0%),NASH缓解(OR,3.40;95% CI,1.95~5.93;P<0.001;I2=0%)。所有影响均可通过吡格列酮的使用来解释。噻唑烷二酮类疗法伴随着更频繁的体重增加和下肢水肿(初始体重+2.70%;95% CI,1.96%~4.34%;P=0.001)。纳入RCTs的样本数较小妨碍了对噻唑烷二酮类疗法更严重不良影响的评价。

结论和相关性:吡格列酮的使用改善了NASH患者晚期纤维化,甚至在没有糖尿病的患者中。这些结果是否可以理解为临床结局风险的改善需要进一步研究。

原始出处:

Musso G, Cassader M. et al. Thiazolidinediones and Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: A Meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2017 May;177(5):633-640. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.9607.

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近期,天津医科大学第二医院心脏科、天津心脏病学研究所刘彤副教授、张志伟博士等对7项研究13余万糖尿病患者进行的Meta分析显示,噻唑烷二酮类药物或还具有降低糖尿病患者房颤风险的功效。

降糖药吡格列酮或面临限制使用

  据了解,8月4日,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)官网称,吡格列酮使用一年多以上可能增加罹患膀胱癌的风险。而据道琼斯通讯社消息,法国与德国已于7月上旬暂停了这款药物的临床使用。在中国,国家食品药品监督管理局(SFDA)还没有做出相关通知。   TZD类糖尿病药物或将“全军覆没”   吡格列酮,是很多用于治疗2型糖尿病的药物的重要成分。在罗格列酮(以文迪雅为代表)被严格限制使用之后,吡格列酮本