Nature:造血细胞在骨髓内的动态调控

2017-03-31 Leo.C MedSci原创

骨髓内血细胞的形成,然后一步步分化为颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞的原始细胞,再才逐步分化为颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞,这一过程可以通过单细胞RNA测序技术来追踪和鉴别这一过程所产生的基因调整及变化。但是我们对于这一变化在骨髓中发生的空间结构的变化了解甚少。

对于造血功能的研究近年来,随着对于造血干细胞的研究以及技术的发展,有了新的突破。发现了多能干细胞(multipotent progenitor)在造血功能的重要性,鉴别了3种不同的多能干细胞,以及由他们特定分化而来的各种细胞,从而补充器官所需的各种细胞。具体来说,偏向分化髓系细胞的多能干细胞2、3亚型数量的上升,以及偏向分化淋巴细胞的多能干细胞4的调整,是骨髓内血细胞形成的关键第一步。

骨髓内血细胞的形成,然后一步步分化为颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞的原始细胞,再才逐步分化为颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞,这一过程可以通过单细胞RNA测序技术来追踪和鉴别这一过程所产生的基因调整及变化。但是我们对于这一变化在骨髓中发生的空间结构的变化了解甚少。

在最近一期的Nature杂志中,Aurélie Hérault及其同事报道了他们的发现。在未收到仍后激活信号的时候,颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞的原始细胞在骨髓中是平均的分布以及自由的游弋的。但是在白血病病人和受到造血信号激活的情况下,这些个原始细胞会聚拢在一起。并且是原始细胞分化为颗粒性细胞和巨噬细胞这些功能性细胞的原始位点。并且当原始细胞聚拢到这一位点后,会发生一定的基因调控表现为激活一部分促进细胞周期的基因从而使细胞增殖。其中研究者发现在白血病病人和造血功能激活的骨髓细胞中有Irf8基因的下调。于是研究者在Irf8基因缺失的老鼠的骨髓中,发现在未收到造血信号的初始状态下就有造血原始细胞的聚集。而当细胞中β-catenin蛋白的量上升时,Irf8基因的表达量就下降。因此原始细胞在骨髓中的聚集是受到Irf8和β-catenin蛋白的双向调控的。

研究组进一步发现,从骨髓干细胞到多能原始细胞2、3亚型的分化,再到多能原始细胞在骨髓的聚集是受不同细胞因素的调控的。细胞激素SCF与IL1,在受到造血信号后首先分泌,促使骨髓干细胞转化到多能原始细胞2、3亚型。接着细胞激素G-CSF分泌,促进多能原始细胞下调Irf8,从而开始增殖。之后则开始分泌细胞激素TGFb1和CXCL4,抑制其增殖分化,使其恢复到平稳期。然而在白血病的情况下,激素TGFb1和CXCL4的分泌远远低于正常值,导致造血功能持续激活,从而最终导致白血病。未来可能,通过给予TGFb1和CXCL4在骨髓中抑制造血细胞的聚集从而治疗白血病。

原始初始:
Aurélie Hérault, Mikhail Binnewies, Stephanie Leong, et al. Myeloid progenitor cluster formation drives emergency and leukaemic myelopoiesis. Nature (2017) doi:10.1038/nature21693

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    2017-11-14 liye789132251
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    2017-04-04 天涯183

    非常好的研究

    0

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    2017-04-02 ylzr123

    不错的指南,为我们探讨研究提供了方针,给点个赞了!

    0

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    2017-04-02 俅侠
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