Immunity:OX-40调控IL-17分化机制

2016-06-24 佚名 生物谷

T细胞共刺激因子(co-stimulatory factor)对于天然CD4 T细胞的激活具有重要的作用。这一信号与TCR以及细胞因子的共同作用,能够引导CD4 T细胞的分化。CD4 T细胞能够分化成为多种类型,包括Th1、Th2、Th9、Th17、Tfh等等。这一过程依赖于精细的转录调控以及系别特异性的转录因子的表达。此外,染色质的重构效应也能够促进转录因子与基因组元件的相互作用,这也是Th细胞

T细胞共刺激因子(co-stimulatory factor)对于天然CD4 T细胞的激活具有重要的作用。这一信号与TCR以及细胞因子的共同作用,能够引导CD4 T细胞的分化。CD4 T细胞能够分化成为多种类型,包括Th1、Th2、Th9、Th17、Tfh等等。这一过程依赖于精细的转录调控以及系别特异性的转录因子的表达。此外,染色质的重构效应也能够促进转录因子与基因组元件的相互作用,这也是Th细胞分化的一项调控机制。不过,相比其他领域,染色质的重构对于Th细胞的分化调节作用目前研究的还很少。

Th17细胞对于多种自身免疫疾病具有重要的意义,体外通过TGF-b以及IL-6的刺激可以诱导CD4 T细胞分化成为Th17细胞。这些细胞因子通过SMAD2、SMAD3、以及STAT3等胞内信号分子激活RORgammaT转录因子的表达,进而决定了Th细胞向Th17方向分化的进程。此外,其它细胞因子,例如IL-1、TNF-a、IL-21、IL-23以及胞内的转录调控因子STAT3、RORa、BATF、c-Rel等等也能够促进Th17的分化。

一旦激活,Th17细胞将会分泌大量的IL-17A、IL-17F以及IL-21,其中IL-17能够启动组织的炎症效应。因此,Th17细胞被认为在多种免疫性疾病,例如肠炎、多发性硬化、牛皮癣、肿瘤免疫以及移植排斥现象中具有重要的作用。

OX40是一类T细胞的共刺激因子,它属于TNFR蛋白超家族的一员。OX-40的一个重要的特点是他主要表达于激活的T细胞,而在天然的T细胞中没有表达。在特定的条件下,OX-40能够激活白内PI3K-AKT信号以及NFAT信号。这些新型号对于T细胞的增殖以及存活具有积极的意义。另一方面,OX-40也能够调控T细胞的功能与分化方向。有研究表明OX-40能够启动T细胞向Th1方向分化。另外一些研究发现OX-40能够抑制Treg的分化,同时促进Th9的分化,进而引起呼吸道炎症反应。然而,OX-40在Th17细胞的分化中有何作用目前仍不一致。此前在针对尿道与肠道炎症反应的研究中发现OX-40能够促进Th17的分化,然而在另外一些试验中作者们发现OX-40会抑制Th17的分化。临床研究也证实了OX-40信号通路在Th17分化过程中的抑制效应,而这一效应能够通过注射中和性的IFN-gamma缓解。

为了进一步研究OX-40在调节Th17细胞分化过程中的作用,来自美国德克萨斯医学中心的Xian Chang Li课题组进行了深入研究,相关结果发表在最近一期的《Immunity》杂志上。

首先,作者将OT-II (CD45.1)小鼠的CD4 T细胞转移至B6(CD45.2)小鼠中,并进行OVA的体内刺激。再此基础上,实验组小鼠加入激活型的OX-40抗体,对照组加入对照IgG。经过数天的观察,作者发现OX-40的刺激会导致小鼠体内Th17细胞的数量急剧降低。之后,作者通过体外实验证明OX-40的信号能够抑制激活后的Th17细胞分泌IL-17A以及IL-17F。

接下来,作者发现在CD40L刺激信号存在的情况下,Th17细胞内部RORgamma T转录因子的表达水平会明显上升,然而,该转录因子与基因组特定靶点的结合以及转录调控活性却会受到明显的抑制。

之后,作者通过将不同类型的转录因子转染到Th17细胞中,并注入小鼠体内进行体内刺激。结果显示,RelB能够明显抑制IL-17的分泌。为了验证是否RelB介导了OX-40L信号引起的

IL-17表达的抑制,作者比较了野生型小鼠与多种不同转录因子缺失突变体小鼠T细胞(包括RelB缺失突变)在对照条件或受到OX-40L刺激的条件下的反应。结果显示,RelB的缺失导致T细胞对于OX-40L的负面影响不再敏感。这一结果表明OX-40L信号是通过RelB实现其阻断AL-17分泌的效应的。

进一步,作者通过CHIP手段,证明RelB能够将组蛋白甲基转移酶G9a与SETDB招募到IL17基因位点,而OX-40的刺激则能够促进这一过程。为了验证上述结果,作者人为地抑制了上述两个酶的活性,结果显示,这一处理能够有效回复OX-40介导的IL-17表达的降低。

最后,作者通过小鼠的EAE疾病模型,发现了OX40-RelB 信号通路能够缓解小鼠疾病的恶化。

原始出处

Xiang Xiao, Xiaomin Shi, Yihui Fan, Chenglin Wu, Xiaolong Zhang, Laurie Minze, Wentao Liu, Rafik M. Ghobrial, Peixiang Lan, Xian Chang Li.The Costimulatory Receptor OX40 Inhibits Interleukin-17 Expression through Activation of Repressive Chromatin Remodeling Pathways.Immunity.2016

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    2016-06-27 oo902

    对th17的深度研究

    0

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    2016-06-27 milkshark

    的确不错

    0

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    2016-06-27 milkshark

    这个很好

    0

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    2016-06-26 fzwish20000
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030310, encodeId=d623203031055, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Fri Apr 14 05:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1741131, encodeId=03e91e41131c1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=acb73152e6a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#分化机制#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=37, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=31527, encryptionId=acb73152e6a, topicName=分化机制)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a99d34872927, createdName=小小小向日葵, createdTime=Sat Mar 25 02:41:00 CST 2017, time=2017-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91328, encodeId=5bfc9132840, content=对th17的深度研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 15:10:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91288, encodeId=d37c9128876, content=的确不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 08:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=91289, encodeId=66b891289e6, content=这个很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=92, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Mon Jun 27 08:03:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1374406, encodeId=531413e44062d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1727963861' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#IL-17#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9638, encryptionId=1727963861, topicName=IL-17)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bcaa382, createdName=fzwish20000, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 13:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1508175, encodeId=0a1715081e5cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8d4596248e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#IL-1#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9624, encryptionId=8d4596248e, topicName=IL-1)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f6cf9946833, createdName=jjjiang0202, createdTime=Sun Jun 26 13:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-26 jjjiang0202

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