人体大脑如何控制我们的语言功能?

2016-09-29 佚名 生物谷

当你开始阅读时,首先你会检查一下词汇,随后通过确定语境和意义来对词语进行解释,这项复杂的过程由很多大脑区域来参与;检测文字通常包括由视神经和其它神经束将来自眼部的信号运输到大脑后面的视觉皮质中。如果利用盲人点字法来进行阅读,你就会利用到大脑顶部的感觉皮层,如果你听别人在阅读,你就会用到距离耳朵不远的听觉皮质。 大脑中后部的系统区域能够帮助我们对文字进行解释,这其中就包括大脑顶叶中

当你开始阅读时,首先你会检查一下词汇,随后通过确定语境和意义来对词语进行解释,这项复杂的过程由很多大脑区域来参与;检测文字通常包括由视神经和其它神经束将来自眼部的信号运输到大脑后面的视觉皮质中。如果利用盲人点字法来进行阅读,你就会利用到大脑顶部的感觉皮层,如果你听别人在阅读,你就会用到距离耳朵不远的听觉皮质。

大脑中后部的系统区域能够帮助我们对文字进行解释,这其中就包括大脑顶叶中的角回结构,也就是常说的威尔尼克语言区域(Wernicke’s area)、岛叶皮质、基底神经节和小脑结构;威尔尼克语言区域主要由大脑颞叶后面的部分所组成。这些区域可以互相协作作为一个系统网络来对文字和语序进行加工来确定文字的语境和意义,这将会锻炼我们接受语言的能力,同时这也意味着理解语言的能力,而这或许就是表达性语言的补充,其也是产生语言的能力。

为了更加清楚地讲话,你就必须想到一些词汇来表达大脑的意思和信息,并且通过一定的语法规则将其组成一个句子,随后利用机体的肺部、声带以及嘴巴进行发声表达出来。大脑中的额叶、颞叶和顶叶区域能够帮助我们形成自己想说的话,而额叶中的运动皮质则使我们将语言表达出来。

大部分和大脑活动相关的语言似乎都是在左脑中发生的,但一些人甚至能后混用大脑的左右两侧区域,更为罕见的是,有些人在语言上有一定的主导地位;有一种进化的观点认为,特定功能的专业化位于一侧或另一侧或许是有好处的,在很多动物中,尤其是脊椎动物中,突出的大脑功能往往会在一侧体现出来。

为何大脑左侧对语言更加青睐,研究者并不清楚;但我们知道,损伤或者癫痫症等症状,如果在儿童发育早期的话其会影响大脑的左侧结构,而且同时还会增加大脑右侧语言的形成机会,而左撇子个体的机会或许会增加,这很容易理解,因为机体的左侧是通过大脑右侧的运动皮质来控制的。

选择性的问题

1861年,法国神经学家布罗卡(Pierre Paul Broca )发现了大脑的语言区,他指出该区若受破坏,人将产生语言障碍,布罗卡描述了一个不能说话的病人,而且他认为该患者机体的运动障碍与患者不能说话并无关联,验尸结果表明,患者大脑左额叶中部的大片区域都出现了损伤,而该区域对于语言形成至关重要,该区域也就是所谓的布鲁卡语言区。

尽管拥有运动技能但无法说话的临床症状仍然被认为是表达性失语症或者布洛卡失语症;1867年,德国神经科学家威尔尼克(Carl Wernicke)却观察到了一种相反的现象,即一位病人能够说话但却不能理解语言的意思,这就是所谓的感觉性失语或者韦尼克氏失语症,正如我们正确猜测那样,患者大脑中损伤的区域就是上面所提及的韦尼克氏失语症。如今科学家们通过研究发现了其它选择性问题的受伤患者,比如除了名词之外无法理解语句的意思,或者一些拼写异常的语句,比如不发音的辅音字母语句等(单词:reign)。

这些困难被认为是由大脑语言网络中不同区域的连接或选择性区域的损伤而引发,然而精确的定位对于研究个体症状的复杂性以及大脑损伤不受控制的本性非常困难。当然我们也知道,大脑的语言区域能够作为协调网络来互相协作发挥作用,其中一部分区域在一些处理途径中主要参与多种功能和冗余水平的处理,因此让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情。

我们怎么知道这一切的?

在先进医学成像技术开发之前,我们对很多知识的学习都来自对大脑特殊区域受损患者的观察,其中一点知识点就能够将相近的损伤区域同患者特殊的症状相联系起来,研究者Broca和Wernicke的观察结果就是众所周知的例子。而其它的知识都是通过对大脑刺激的研究来获取的,研究者通常在进行移除损伤组织(肿瘤)手术过程中,在患者处于清醒状态下会对其大脑进行较弱的电刺激,而这种刺激作用能够促进其大脑的部分结构停止工作一段时间,而这就能够帮助外科医生来鉴别出关键重要的区域从而避免对患者带来二次损伤。

在20世纪中期,这种技术帮助很多神经外科医生发现了大脑中和语言功能相关的很多关键区域,而且有研究表明,在很多人语言来源于左脑时,往往就会有一部分的语言功能发源于右脑。20世纪后期,如果外科医生需要寻找大脑的哪一侧负责语言功能时,他并不会对患者造成任何损伤,医生们会利用麻醉剂使大脑一侧“睡眠”,随后医生们会询问患者一系列问题,从而来确定大脑中负责语言功能的一侧大脑区域,这种侵入性的测试被称之为瓦达氏测验(Wada test),该测试方法是研究者Juhn Wada在二战后首次描述的。

大脑成像

如今我们可以利用很多成像技术,尤其是磁共振成像技术(MRI)来对大脑的功能进行很好地解析,MRI技术是一种利用磁场来获取大脑信息图片的技术。利用MRI技术测定大脑功能被称之为功能性的磁共振成像(fMRI),其能够检测从血管向脑细胞供给氧气的血液中的磁特性信号,fMRI信号的改变依赖于血液是否能够携带氧气,而氧气的携带就意味着能够轻微地降低磁场,或者“递交”氧气,而这能够轻微地增加磁场强度。

在大脑中,当大脑神经元变得活化的几秒后,流向大脑部分结构的新鲜富氧的血液水平就会增加,而这远比神经元需要的氧气量要高很多,这也就是为何在特定功能发挥期间大脑区域能够被激活。大脑成像方法揭示,我们大脑中的很多区域都参与了语言的处理过程,而这要比之前研究者认为的要多很多;如今研究者发现大脑中每个主叶中的多个区域都参与了产生和理解语言的能力。

如今,功能性的磁共振成像技术越来越成为一种有用的临床工具,在某些研究中心,该技术能够替换瓦达氏测验,并且能够确定大脑中的语言区域。而且科学家们还能够利用fMRI技术来构建大脑的内部图片,通过进行实验对比从事多项任务过程中大脑中的活性区域,从而来解析大脑的复杂处理过程,比如,相比非阅读障碍症的儿童而言,如今研究者们已经在阅读障碍症的儿童大脑语言区域中观察到了明显的差异之处了。

研究者们让非阅读障碍症和阅读障碍症的儿童进行跟语言相关的任务,他们对比了不同群体儿童大脑的fMRI成像结果,最后发现,平均来讲,在进行任务的过程中,阅读障碍症的儿童的布鲁卡语言区域活性较低,主要表现为左侧区域,同时研究者还颞叶等区域发现威尔尼克语言区域的活性也较低。

这种类型的大脑成像技术(fMRI)是否能够揭示阅读障碍症患者的诊断标记呢?目前该工作正在进行之中,但研究者希望通过后期的研究或许有一天能够帮助他们开发出更加强大、客观的大脑成像检测技术,来帮助进行阅读障碍症及其它障碍的诊断。

参考资料:

【1】Lateralization of the Vertebrate Brain: Taking the Side of Model Systems

J Neurosci    doi:10.​1523/​JNEUROSCI

【2】Relationship between language lateralization and handedness in left-hemispheric partial pilepsy

Neurology   doi:10.​1212/​01.​wnl.​0000244465.​74707.​42

【3】Loss of Speech, Chronic Softening and Partial Destruction of the Anterior Left Lobe of the Brain

【4】A review and synthesis of the first 20 years of PET and fMRI studies of heard speech, spoken language and reading

NeuroImage   doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.04.062

【5】Patterns of paralexia: A psycholinguistic approach

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research   DOI: 10.1007/BF01067101

【6】Intrinsic signal changes accompanying sensory stimulation: functional brain mapping with magnetic resonance imaging

PNAS  

【7】fMRI assessment of language lateralization: an objective approach.

Neuroimage   doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.059

【8】Disruption of posterior brain systems for reading in children with developmental dyslexia

Biological Psychiatry    doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01365-3

【9】What brain regions control our language? And how do we know this?

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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137749, encodeId=f76513e7499b, content=大脑很神奇,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:48 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137748, encodeId=4e6413e748f1, content=各个管辖的区域有各自的功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-01 yangjxjc
  3. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530799, encodeId=79011530e99af, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afd49180951' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91809, encryptionId=afd49180951, topicName=语言功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=507d12125901, createdName=w363522453, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 02:40:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138247, encodeId=a77413824e58, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138246, encodeId=47ea13824685, content=让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138245, encodeId=02eb13824543, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:05 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137751, encodeId=309c13e751ad, content=谢谢分享,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:57:04 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137750, encodeId=2b6213e750f1, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, 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topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530799, encodeId=79011530e99af, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afd49180951' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91809, encryptionId=afd49180951, topicName=语言功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=507d12125901, createdName=w363522453, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 02:40:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138247, encodeId=a77413824e58, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138246, encodeId=47ea13824685, content=让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138245, encodeId=02eb13824543, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:05 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137751, encodeId=309c13e751ad, content=谢谢分享,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:57:04 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137750, encodeId=2b6213e750f1, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137749, encodeId=f76513e7499b, content=大脑很神奇,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:48 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137748, encodeId=4e6413e748f1, content=各个管辖的区域有各自的功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-30 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    分享一下!

    0

  5. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530799, encodeId=79011530e99af, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afd49180951' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91809, encryptionId=afd49180951, topicName=语言功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=507d12125901, createdName=w363522453, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 02:40:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138247, encodeId=a77413824e58, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138246, encodeId=47ea13824685, content=让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138245, encodeId=02eb13824543, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:05 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137751, encodeId=309c13e751ad, content=谢谢分享,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:57:04 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137750, encodeId=2b6213e750f1, content=学习啦,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137749, encodeId=f76513e7499b, content=大脑很神奇,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:48 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137748, encodeId=4e6413e748f1, content=各个管辖的区域有各自的功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-30 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情!!

    0

  6. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1530799, encodeId=79011530e99af, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=afd49180951' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#语言功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91809, encryptionId=afd49180951, topicName=语言功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=507d12125901, createdName=w363522453, createdTime=Sat Oct 01 02:40:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138247, encodeId=a77413824e58, content=分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138246, encodeId=47ea13824685, content=让一部分大脑区域独立去做一件事情似乎并不是一件简单的事情!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=75, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Fri Sep 30 17:43:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=138245, encodeId=02eb13824543, content=学习了,分享一下!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137749, encodeId=f76513e7499b, content=大脑很神奇,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:48 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137748, encodeId=4e6413e748f1, content=各个管辖的区域有各自的功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-30 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    学习了,分享一下!

    0

  7. 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topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-29 医路开来

    谢谢分享,,,

    0

  8. 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topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-29 医路开来

    学习啦,,,

    0

  9. 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:58 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137749, encodeId=f76513e7499b, content=大脑很神奇,,,, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:48 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=137748, encodeId=4e6413e748f1, content=各个管辖的区域有各自的功能, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-29 医路开来

    大脑很神奇,,,

    0

  10. 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topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfdY7yem1P7bRvOP6z0jKsBoYR8ezfAricY7meQWcte7LRJsWHVn0CnPJg2JuQmevR0DoFmmEib5QLD2kNESBESQT/0, createdBy=59191706502, createdName=医路开来, createdTime=Thu Sep 29 20:56:32 CST 2016, time=2016-09-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-09-29 医路开来

    各个管辖的区域有各自的功能

    0

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