Lancet Diab & Endo:肾上腺偶发瘤患者长期死亡风险上升

2014-02-21 佚名 丁香园

近几年,肾上腺偶发瘤发生率有所上升。肾上腺偶发瘤者最常见的临床表现有皮质醇分泌轻微改变、无明显皮质醇增多症临床体征(即亚临床Cushing综合症)。尽管有学者注意到在亚临床Cushing综合症患者代谢发生改变,并且增加了心血管疾病风险,但是尚未对其长期心血管事件发生率和死亡率进行过研究。 为了评估无功能肾上腺偶发瘤、中间表型偶发瘤和引起亚临床Cushing综合症偶发瘤

近几年,肾上腺偶发瘤发生率有所上升。肾上腺偶发瘤者最常见的临床表现有皮质醇分泌轻微改变、无明显皮质醇增多症临床体征(即亚临床Cushing综合症)。尽管有学者注意到在亚临床Cushing综合症患者代谢发生改变,并且增加了心血管疾病风险,但是尚未对其长期心血管事件发生率和死亡率进行过研究。

为了评估无功能肾上腺偶发瘤、中间表型偶发瘤和引起亚临床Cushing综合症偶发瘤患者新的心血管事件发生率和死亡率,来自意大利博洛尼亚大学的Dalmazi博士等进行了一项研究,发现肾上腺偶发瘤和轻微皮质醇增多症患者心血管事件和死亡风险增高,结果近期发表在The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology上。

1995年1月至2010年9月,到马尔皮基医院内分泌科就诊的连续肾上腺偶发瘤门诊患者纳入该研究。前5年,每18-30个月研究者对每位患者进行一次评估,平均随访时间7.5年。

患者进行1mg地塞米松抑制试验(DST)后,采用皮质醇浓度定义无分泌功能肾上腺偶发瘤(皮质醇浓度<50nmol/L)、中间表型偶发瘤(50-138nmol/L)和亚临床Cushing综合症(>138nmol/L)。随访期结束,根据肿瘤分泌模式(未发生变化或恶化),将患者重新分类。

该研究共评估了198名门诊患者。随访结束后,稳定期无分泌功能肾上腺偶发瘤患者114例,稳定期中间表型或亚临床Cushing综合症偶发瘤患者61例,有分泌功能肿瘤恶化23例。

与稳定期无分泌功能肾上腺偶发瘤患者比较,稳定期中间表型、亚临床Cushing综合征偶发瘤患者、有分泌功能肾上腺偶发瘤患者的心血管事件发生率均升高,心血管事件与皮质醇浓度变化独立相关,未经校正的心血管特异性死亡生存率降低。

同时,与稳定期无分泌功能肿瘤患者比较,稳定期中间表型或亚临床Cushing综合征偶发瘤患者全因死亡生存率降低,年龄和平均皮质醇浓度与死亡率相关。此外,各组间癌症死亡率没有区别。

研究表明,尽管没有明显的皮质醇增多症临床体征,肾上腺偶发瘤患者和轻微皮质醇增多症患者心血管事件和死亡风险均增高。因此,不管是对于皮质醇生成异常腺瘤患者,还是良性无分泌功能腺瘤患者,都应当进行谨慎地周期性评估。

原始出处:

Guido Di Dalmazi MD a, Valentina Vicennati MD a, Silvia Garelli MD a, Elena Casadio MD a, Eleonora Rinaldi MD a, Emanuela Giampalma MD b, Cristina Mosconi MD b, Rita Golfieri MD b, Alexandro Paccapelo a, Uberto Pagotto MD a, Prof Renato Pasquali MD.Cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with adrenal incidentalomas that are either non-secreting or associated with intermediate phenotype or subclinical Cushing's syndrome: a 15-year retrospective study.The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 29 January 2014.doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(13)70211-0

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    2015-01-23 howi
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