Obesity:Look AHEAD研究,减肥者的新希望?

2014-01-10 孙云 编译 中国医学论坛报手机报

据医景(medscape)网站报道,针对超重或肥胖2型糖尿病患者的糖尿病健康行动研究(Look AHEAD)8年数据显示,强化生活方式干预能够减轻体重。此结果或许给减肥者带来新希望,因为既往大多数研究显示,在3~5年时很多受试者会出现体重反弹。文章1月2日在线发表于《肥胖》(Obesity)杂志。 在Look AHEAD进行1年时,接受强化生活方式咨询组和常规治疗组受试者中体重减轻超过5%的比例

根据Look AHEAD:Action for Health in Diabetes研究的8年减肥结果显示,对于超重或肥胖的2型糖尿病患者,通过强化生活方式辅导的计划来减轻或维持体重是可能的。研究人员将其结果于1月2日在线发表于Obesity。

“主要的发现是,伴2型糖尿病的超重的参与者可以减肥,同时在8年时维持他们的体重也很成功,”第一作者Thomas Wadden博士(宾夕法尼亚大学,费城)告诉Medscape Medical News。这与之前的大多数研究有很大不同,过去报道的大多数人群通过3~5年会恢复减轻的体重,他补充说。

Wadden博士指出,在Look AHEAD研究中,1年时接受强化生活方式干预的68%的参与者vs接受常规治疗的13.3%的参与者均至少减轻他们本身体重的5%。8年时的比例分别为50.3% vs 35.7%。体重减轻5%即可导致2型糖尿病、睡眠呼吸暂停、抑郁和身体机能的明显改善。然而常规治疗组的参与者为什么随着时间的推移体重继续减少,这尚待确定。

“迄今为止,这是一项关于减肥行为计划的最大、时间最长的对照评估,” Wadden博士说道。我认为该研究中指出的长期遵循生活方式原则的长期减肥是可能的,其的确为减肥者和参与者提供了新的希望。

强化生活方式干预vs常规治疗


研究人员纳入年龄45~76岁、有2型糖尿病的5145例多元民族中超重或肥胖的参与者,并随机分流到强化生活干预组或常规治疗组。

改编自 Diabetes Prevention Program的干预包括频繁辅导组和个别辅导组,在第1年由营养师、心理学家和运动专家指导,第2~8年时给予每月1次的个别辅导。常规治疗提供糖尿病支持和教育的次数有限。

当研究人员发现最初结果未能证实干预可减少心血管疾病的死亡率和发生率时,该试验在平均随访9.6年后于2012年9月停止。 

平均而言,在1年、8年时干预组的参与者分别减轻他们本身体重的8.5%、4.7%,而常规治疗组的参与组分别减轻他们本身体重的0.6%、2.1%。

在干预组,1年时约1/3 (37.7%)的参与者至少减轻他们本身体重的10%,而8年时这一群体中约40%能维持这一体重。

在试验中的一些体重减轻的参与者可能是正常衰老的一部分,尤其试验初期的参与者大约年龄在58岁左右,研究人员建议。

重要的是,试验表明减轻体重较多(≥10%)的个体更喜欢保持良好的健康习惯:尽量步行;吃低热量、低脂肪的饮食;至少每周称重一次。

Wadden博士总结到,“这使人们意识到,我们可以减轻体重,同时如果你继续接受每个月的支持,就有很大的机会来维持体重。”

令人鼓舞,但在“真实世界”中可行吗?
 
“Look AHEAD的研究结果在极大程度上是相当令人鼓舞的,” Michael G. Perri博士(佛罗里达大学公共卫生学院和健康专业,盖恩斯维尔)在随后的社论中写到。

他指出,随着一些疾病环境的改善,来自不同民族和种族的男性和女性均可实现有意义的减肥。这一减肥的成功可能源于生活方式干预的强化、综合性。

Perri博士观察到,“有待解决的一个重要问题是,在真实世界的临床和社区环境中,强化生活方式干预是否能产生Look AHEAD研究中类似的获益。”

Wadden 建议道,“干预可能会转化为一个合理的价值,与Diabetes Prevention Program大致一样——Look AHEAD研究的“母亲”——由基督教青年会协会(YMCAs)所提供。”

原文出处:

Marlene Busko.Meaningful, Long-term Weight Loss Is Possible: Look AHEAD.Medscape January 02, 2014


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    2014-09-30 珙桐
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969900, encodeId=422e1969900f4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=27, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Tue Sep 30 09:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1779613, encodeId=08b31e7961370, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e8ee21362e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#AHEAD#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2136, encryptionId=e8ee21362e, topicName=AHEAD)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=560d188, createdName=nymo, createdTime=Fri Sep 05 06:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1910457, encodeId=2ebf191045e31, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=faf7163606a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SIT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16360, encryptionId=faf7163606a, topicName=SIT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Thu Mar 27 13:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1461722, encodeId=86421461e22cf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=92c2132003b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Obesity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13200, encryptionId=92c2132003b, topicName=Obesity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=45616444603, createdName=lingaifan, createdTime=Sun Jan 12 02:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588153, encodeId=88b91588153a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Sun Jan 12 02:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-01-12, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-09-05 nymo
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    2014-03-27 智慧医人
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    2014-01-12 lingaifan
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    2014-01-12 skhzy