BMJ:小抽一根烟没事吧!对不起,你的心血管可不答应!

2018-02-05 Bonnie,Juka 转化医学网

全世界每6个人中,就有一个人吸烟,中国烟民更多。发吸烟不仅导致肺癌等多种癌症,还会增加心血管疾病的风险。最近的一项研究显示,一根烟,也能大大提高心血管疾病发病风险。


导  读

全世界每6个人中,就有一个人吸烟,中国烟民更多。发吸烟不仅导致肺癌等多种癌症,还会增加心血管疾病的风险。最近的一项研究显示,一根烟,也能大大提高心血管疾病发病风险。

很多人认为少量吸烟是相对安全的,就像小酌怡情一般,人们认为这样摄入的尼古丁较少。以往的研究显示,肺癌风险与每天吸烟数量确实呈近似线性关系,吸烟越少,患癌风险越低。

然而吸烟可不仅仅导致癌症患病率增加,问过当之无愧的致死之王——心血管疾病了吗?

2月24日发表于BJM上的一篇题为“Low cigarette consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: meta-analysis of 141 cohort studies in 55 study reports”的文章表明,冠心病和中风发病风险与低香烟消费之间存在非线性关系,即使每天只吸一根烟,心血管疾病发病风险仍然很高,随着吸烟的增多,心血管疾病风险逐渐在高水平趋于平稳。

虽然冠心病与低香烟消费之间的非线性关系已有报道,但是普通公众和卫生专业人员对此仍然不甚了解,特别是那些不涉及烟草和健康的人。这项研究旨在通过系统回顾来扩展以前的冠心病的研究,同时研究中风与低香烟消费之间是否存在类似的非线性关系。

研究人员查阅了1946年至2015年间发表的13861篇与香烟消费和冠心病、中风相关的英文文献,并按照一定的筛选标准选出囊括了141项前瞻性队列、涉及700万人的55篇论文进行荟萃分析。其中,男性冠心病的研究约有307万名参与者,包括超过75 000例冠心病患者,中风研究约有353万参与者,包括至少73000例中风患者。女性联合研究约有256万参与者,包括至少36000例冠心病患者,中风研究约有378万参与者,包括62000例中风患者。

每天1支烟,冠心病风险增加74%!

通过分析数据,研究人员发现,排除混杂因素后,对于男性,每天1根烟可增加冠心病发病风险74%,每天20根烟可增加冠心病发病风险127%。而对女性来说,每天1根烟可增加119%的发病风险,每天20根烟可增加295%的发病风险。

每天1根烟增加的冠心病风险差不多是每天20根烟的一半。而且,相对于男性,吸烟给女性带来的冠心病发病风险更高,这与现实中女性冠心病患病风险较高相一致。

每天一盒烟,中风风险增加56%!

与冠心病相似,男性每天1根烟增加的中风风险也接近每天20根烟的一半:每天1根烟可增加中风发病风险30%,每天20根烟可增加中风发病风险56%。

对女性来说,每天1根烟可增加46%的发病风险,每天20根烟可增加142%的发病风险。吸烟给女性带来的中风风险同样高于男性。


每天吸一支或者五支香烟的超额危险度

每天只吸一支香烟发生冠心病和中风的风险比预期要大得多:大约是每天吸烟20支的一半。小伙伴们千万不要想着,既然一根和20根差别这么小,索性也不克制自己了。不要忘记了,肺癌受吸烟量影响大着呢。预防这些疾病,最好的办法还是戒烟,戒烟,戒烟!

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    2018-03-18 gaoxiaoe
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848450, encodeId=f04f184845067, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sun Mar 18 19:43:00 CST 2018, time=2018-03-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285572, encodeId=48682855e200, content=公众教育太难了., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib2JlGvwpAibiaovVhfA9DbO7X7JLGGjM4Cic6oMgxLdnuS9piaP9cnG2OwIbkzHvX0qzS1boibyYNqR5vHZu7HQs5EIB/0, createdBy=298d1398341, createdName=lou.minghong, createdTime=Tue Feb 06 07:15:55 CST 2018, time=2018-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285500, encodeId=4f51285500fc, content=学习了很有用不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=87, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib3IzoRn621JdKCFUI4XvNELcibocrAVU6aUzEVDSaf3rYH08PUYUiagGqxAEhj8g9WqqNvD1CupIpCrmnR2OrqHZh/0, createdBy=7f181365728, createdName=飛歌, createdTime=Tue Feb 06 00:13:57 CST 2018, time=2018-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285474, encodeId=b0972854e4ec, content=不错的文章值得推荐, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=04f22055142, createdName=131****2916, createdTime=Mon Feb 05 22:55:32 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285460, encodeId=dcc6285460f5, content=很好的学习材料.对临床和科研都有很大帮助作用.水滴石穿.不断积累., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Mon Feb 05 22:40:52 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=285450, encodeId=c7a628545024, content=不错的文章值得拥有, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=eff51996281, createdName=1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称), createdTime=Mon Feb 05 22:26:05 CST 2018, time=2018-02-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-02-06 lou.minghong

    公众教育太难了.

    0

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    2018-02-06 飛歌

    学习了很有用不错

    0

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    2018-02-05 131****2916

    不错的文章值得推荐

    0

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    2018-02-05 李东泽

    很好的学习材料.对临床和科研都有很大帮助作用.水滴石穿.不断积累.

    0

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    2018-02-05 1e1b8538m79(暂无匿称)

    不错的文章值得拥有

    0

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