COA 2015:田伟:世界首例机器人辅助上颈椎手术

2015-11-20 cmacoa cmacoa

田伟 教授 北京积水潭医院 中华医学会骨科学分会主任委员引言 骨科机器人系统目前在临床上已经取得了一定的应用。但是存在明显的局限,北京积水潭医院自主研发了基于三维虚拟影像的骨科手术机器人,该机器人系统结合了机器人技术和导航技术,达到世界首创的多部位使用和最高精度的领先水平。目前,北京积水潭医院成功实施了世界首例机器人辅助上颈椎手术,现报道如下。方法 患者全麻及体位摆放

田伟 教授
北京积水潭医院
中华医学会骨科学分会主任委员

引言


骨科机器人系统目前在临床上已经取得了一定的应用。但是存在明显的局限,北京积水潭医院自主研发了基于三维虚拟影像的骨科手术机器人,该机器人系统结合了机器人技术和导航技术,达到世界首创的多部位使用和最高精度的领先水平。目前,北京积水潭医院成功实施了世界首例机器人辅助上颈椎手术,现报道如下。


方法


患者全麻及体位摆放完成后,采用ARCADISOrbic 3D C型臂进行一次术中三维影像扫描,图像被同步传输至骨科机器人系统(TiRobot system)(图1)。


1. TiRobot示意图及手术室布局

术者在TiRobot的导航系统屏幕上设计钉道后,机械臂会根据术者设计钉道自动移动至准确的位置,使得导向器指向目的钉道的进钉点。通过套筒钻入定位针,确认无误后置入螺钉。术后CT用来评价置钉位置和设计位置的偏差。


病例


作为全世界首例机器人辅助寰枢椎手术,在本例人体手术之前,北京积水潭医院脊柱外科还进行了多次活体动物螺钉置入试验,均取得了满意的置钉效果。


患者男,43岁,无明显诱因出现右侧肢体麻木,颈椎活动度前屈-后伸60°-30°,左右侧屈30°,左右旋转30°。双上肢腱反射正常,双侧膝腱反射、跟腱反射均亢进,双侧Babinski征阳性。双下肢髌阵挛、踝阵挛阳性,双侧上下肢肌力V级。颈椎X线片提示颈胸段右侧弯,颅底凹陷,C123畸形。颈椎CT提示颅底凹陷畸形,C2/3分节不良,C7右侧椎板不连续,C7骨性椎管闭合不全,枕骨大孔水平椎管狭窄。颈椎MRI提示颅底凹陷伴延髓变性,C23C67附件结构发育异常(图2)。诊断为“寰枢椎畸形,颅底凹陷症”,属于上颈椎畸形中的高难病例。人工置钉无法达到所需精度,患者被多家著名医院谢绝治疗。



2. 术前X线CTMRI


鉴于患者罕见的复杂性,经院内专家讨论,认为可以通过机器人高精度的长处辅助手术成功。患者于
2015812日行枕骨大孔及颈1后弓减压,机器人辅助C0-2固定融合术,Magerl+Brooks术。首先进行枕骨大孔及颈1后弓减压,进行三维影像扫描(图3)。


3. 螺钉植入前规划


由于C2右侧畸形缺损严重无法置钉,左侧C1/2外侧关节面虽然畸形严重,但有一勉强可以置钉通道,但必须一次成功,没有二次机会。术者通过机器人螺钉设计三维软件,在此通道设计好螺钉置入方案。设计于左侧置入长36mm、直径4mmC1C2经关节突螺钉,医生发出指令后,机器人按照设计自动调整达到置入部位,系统总误差达到0.5mm以内,沿机器人导向器从C2侧块向C1侧块穿入克氏针,确认位置无误后沿克氏针置入直径4mm半螺纹松质骨螺钉1枚,再次予3D扫描,确认螺钉位置与规划一致,手术圆满成功。术后患者神经障碍获得改善,并满意出院。复查CT见内固定位置良好(图4)。



4. 术后CT


讨论


1985年第一代手术辅助机器人PUMA200的诞生掀起了国内外众多医生对机器人手术的研究热潮。近年来,随着计算机导航技术和机械工业的发展,世界范围内已经诞生了多达31种的机器人系统,这些机器人大部分已经证明了其在临床领域的重要作用,其中包括被广泛应用于腹腔镜手术和泌尿外科手术中的Da Vinci Robot(达芬奇)系统。Da Vinci Robot属于动作模仿型机器人,其劣势是无法超过人的能力,也无法避免医生的操作失误。

应用于脊柱外科的机器人,以以色列的
Renaissance为代表,需要固定在患者的脊柱和髂骨上,并且只能用于腰椎,精度在1mm以上,动作范围也相对较小。目前国际上尚没有能用于上颈椎手术的机器人。

我们研发的机器人系统,以超越旧的骨科机器人为目标。精度达到小于
0.8mm,并且不需要固定于患者身上,可以在全脊柱范围甚至其他骨关节部位广泛使用,由于机器人嵌入导航系统,可以随时跟踪患者的细微变动,精度大大提高,是目前世界上最先进的骨科机器人。

骨科机器人技术目前正在快速发展,将来会实现更为复杂的技术能力,帮助提高外科手术的水平。我们有理由相信骨科机器人系统在未来的发展中一定会超出我们的想象,并成为骨科医生的最有利帮手!


版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (5)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699592, encodeId=de9a16995924e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15a24951c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4951, encryptionId=15a24951c2, topicName=COA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=224929955832, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 08:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321871, encodeId=56bd13218e1ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=890c611854e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61185, encryptionId=890c611854e, topicName=机器人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513296, encodeId=3f351513296ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a446120454' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61204, encryptionId=6a446120454, topicName=机器人辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=324410545094, createdName=124987a0m69(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582926, encodeId=99251582926bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6e1611840d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61184, encryptionId=f6e1611840d, topicName=机器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13dc16973127, createdName=ms6279672939590805, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968436, encodeId=2ac01968436d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 03:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-02-06 circumcision
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699592, encodeId=de9a16995924e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15a24951c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4951, encryptionId=15a24951c2, topicName=COA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=224929955832, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 08:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321871, encodeId=56bd13218e1ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=890c611854e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61185, encryptionId=890c611854e, topicName=机器人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513296, encodeId=3f351513296ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a446120454' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61204, encryptionId=6a446120454, topicName=机器人辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=324410545094, createdName=124987a0m69(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582926, encodeId=99251582926bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6e1611840d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61184, encryptionId=f6e1611840d, topicName=机器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13dc16973127, createdName=ms6279672939590805, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968436, encodeId=2ac01968436d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 03:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-22 xue8602
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699592, encodeId=de9a16995924e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15a24951c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4951, encryptionId=15a24951c2, topicName=COA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=224929955832, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 08:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321871, encodeId=56bd13218e1ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=890c611854e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61185, encryptionId=890c611854e, topicName=机器人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513296, encodeId=3f351513296ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a446120454' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61204, encryptionId=6a446120454, topicName=机器人辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=324410545094, createdName=124987a0m69(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582926, encodeId=99251582926bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6e1611840d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61184, encryptionId=f6e1611840d, topicName=机器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13dc16973127, createdName=ms6279672939590805, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968436, encodeId=2ac01968436d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 03:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699592, encodeId=de9a16995924e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15a24951c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4951, encryptionId=15a24951c2, topicName=COA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=224929955832, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 08:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321871, encodeId=56bd13218e1ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=890c611854e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61185, encryptionId=890c611854e, topicName=机器人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513296, encodeId=3f351513296ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a446120454' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61204, encryptionId=6a446120454, topicName=机器人辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=324410545094, createdName=124987a0m69(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582926, encodeId=99251582926bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6e1611840d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61184, encryptionId=f6e1611840d, topicName=机器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13dc16973127, createdName=ms6279672939590805, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968436, encodeId=2ac01968436d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 03:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699592, encodeId=de9a16995924e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=15a24951c2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4951, encryptionId=15a24951c2, topicName=COA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=224929955832, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sat Feb 06 08:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1321871, encodeId=56bd13218e1ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=890c611854e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61185, encryptionId=890c611854e, topicName=机器人)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d139492, createdName=xue8602, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1513296, encodeId=3f351513296ab, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a446120454' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器人辅助#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61204, encryptionId=6a446120454, topicName=机器人辅助)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=324410545094, createdName=124987a0m69(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1582926, encodeId=99251582926bf, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f6e1611840d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#机器#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=61184, encryptionId=f6e1611840d, topicName=机器)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=13dc16973127, createdName=ms6279672939590805, createdTime=Sun Nov 22 04:16:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1968436, encodeId=2ac01968436d4, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a57f208660f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#世界首例#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=20866, encryptionId=a57f208660f, topicName=世界首例)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=917c196, createdName=sjzlzc007, createdTime=Thu Apr 21 03:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]