ADA 2016:猪胰岛移植可能成为糖尿病治疗新选择

2016-06-13 Seven L 译 MedSci原创

第76届美国糖尿病协会科学年会上有研究表明,人-猪异种器官移植可能是人胰岛细胞移植的可行替代选择。异种器官移植比同种异体器官移植更为复杂,美国匹兹堡大学医学院外科教授David K.C. Cooper博士说,其中的差异包括先天性免疫反应、适应性免疫反应、凝血功能障碍和持续存在的炎症问题等。他接着说,猪的基因工程研究可能为这些问题的解决带来曙光。关于猪胰岛异种移植目前有两种方法。一种是通过生物材料将

第76届美国糖尿病协会科学年会上有研究表明,人-猪异种器官移植可能是人胰岛细胞移植的可行替代选择。

异种器官移植比同种异体器官移植更为复杂,美国匹兹堡大学医学院外科教授David K.C. Cooper博士说,其中的差异包括先天性免疫反应、适应性免疫反应、凝血功能障碍和持续存在的炎症问题等。

他接着说,猪的基因工程研究可能为这些问题的解决带来曙光。

关于猪胰岛异种移植目前有两种方法。一种是通过生物材料将胰岛封装,避免胰岛受到其他细胞(如淋巴细胞)的污染。因此不需要免疫抑制治疗,但胰岛素有暴露的可能,不过也是抗体和细胞因子的进去的路径,作者不知道这会不会很好的解决。二是暴露胰岛,使用免疫抑制防止排斥反应。这种方法的可行性已经在动物模型研究中得到证实。

如果猪胰岛细胞移植能够成功,那么将会是糖尿病患者的福音,意味着患者不再需要胰岛素注射治疗,避免了低血糖风险,同时降低了糖尿病相关并发症的风险。

Cooper博士说,并不是任何的都可以进行猪胰岛移植,只有约三分之一的猴子可以进行,其他猴子很早就失去了移植机会,这是一个不同的问题。可能源于注射胰岛细胞直接进入血液,在门静脉损伤胰岛细胞抗体。

Cooper博士和他的同事们正在考虑使用胃黏膜下层空间作为一种替代注射地点,通过内窥镜在该处注射胰岛。

在临床试验中,研究人员需要保证“干净”的猪,养在生物安全的住房里或隔离喂养,还要测定猪胰岛细胞功能,制定临床可接受的免疫抑制方案等。Cooper博士说,随着猪胰岛异种移植研究的不断进展,FDA批准糖尿病患者的猪胰岛细胞移植试验可能就不远了。

Cooper博士说,有一天,在不太遥远的将来,移植将成为历史上的曾经。

原始出处:

Cooper DK. Pig Islet Xenotransplantation. Presented at: American Diabetes Association 76th Scientific Sessions; June 10-14, 2016; New Orleans.

Pig islet transplantation research points to future success in humans.Healio.June 11, 2016


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    2016-11-11 baoya
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    2016-09-21 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,非常有益

    0

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    2016-09-15 舒心和人

    好消息,期待能实现

    0

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    2016-06-15 般若傻瓜
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    2016-06-15 muzishouyi

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