常见消化道瘘的影像学表现--胃结肠瘘、小肠-小肠瘘、小肠结肠瘘

2015-02-03 首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院 蒋涛 中国医学论坛报

肠瘘可以发生在胃、小肠及结肠任意两者之间,肠管与腹腔其他脏器之间、或经瘘管引流至体外。根据不同原因,肠瘘好发部位有所不同,肿瘤所致好发于胃和结肠部位,而克罗恩病造成的肠瘘好发于回盲部。 上消化道造影或全消化道造影可以显示胃-小肠或小肠-小肠之间的瘘管。对于胃-结肠瘘管的显示,低张双对比钡灌肠检查因肠管内压力增高效果更好。瘘口表现为肠管壁连续性中断,造影剂自腔内向腔外漏出或自腔外向另一管腔

肠瘘可以发生在胃、小肠及结肠任意两者之间,肠管与腹腔其他脏器之间、或经瘘管引流至体外。根据不同原因,肠瘘好发部位有所不同,肿瘤所致好发于胃和结肠部位,而克罗恩病造成的肠瘘好发于回盲部。

上消化道造影或全消化道造影可以显示胃-小肠或小肠-小肠之间的瘘管。对于胃-结肠瘘管的显示,低张双对比钡灌肠检查因肠管内压力增高效果更好。瘘口表现为肠管壁连续性中断,造影剂自腔内向腔外漏出或自腔外向另一管腔内流入;瘘管形态为线状、管道状、囊状或不规则形结构,我们还能在瘘口部位发现原发肿瘤、溃疡或克罗恩病的肠道改变。

多层螺旋CT扫描及CTE检查对瘘口和瘘管的显示更清晰,肠壁局部连续性欠佳,部分造影剂溢出肠管并与另一空腔脏器连接;同时对于胃肠道原发肿块、克罗恩病肠壁增厚及异常强化、肠管及瘘管周围的炎症渗出和脓肿形成更优于胃肠道造影。MRE有较高的软组织分辨率和多参数显示病变的能力,因此对于胃肠道原发病变及瘘管的显示更加清晰。

图 患者女性,53岁,白塞氏病,曾有结肠溃疡史,腹痛。CT增强扫描及冠状位重建图像显示结肠十二指肠瘘,周围可见广泛炎症性改变


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    2015-02-21 orthoW

    非常好的文章,学习

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    2015-02-20 orthoW

    非常好的文章,学习

    0

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