ARCH DIS CHILD :母乳喂养的孩子更易进入社会高阶层

2013-06-27 佚名 中新网

  一个英国研究团队经调查发现,吃母乳长大的婴儿比吃配方奶粉的婴儿更容易进入社会的高阶层。该研究称,两者的概率相差达到24%。   发表在《儿童疾病文献》(Archives of Disease in Childhood)杂志上的该研究报告说,吃母乳的孩子成年后,社会地位下降的可能性也减少了20%。   该英国研究团队指出:“我们的调查增加了母乳

  一个英国研究团队经调查发现,吃母乳长大的婴儿比吃配方奶粉的婴儿更容易进入社会的高阶层。该研究称,两者的概率相差达到24%。

  发表在《儿童疾病文献》(Archives of Disease in Childhood)杂志上的该研究报告说,吃母乳的孩子成年后,社会地位下降的可能性也减少了20%。

  该英国研究团队指出:“我们的调查增加了母乳喂养有益健康的证据,显示哺乳可能给孩子带来终生的社会效益。”

  研究小组研究了17419名在1958年出生和另外1万6771名在1970年出生英国人的资料,比较了他们在10岁或11岁之后到33岁或34岁期间的社会阶层,以及他们是否为母乳喂养。

  报告指出,社会阶层分为四个等级,分别为非技能型、技能型、专业性和管理型。

  报告显示,在1958年组别中,有68%的人婴儿时是吃母乳的,而1970年的小组中则只有36%。这是迄今最大规模针对母乳喂养和社会地位相互关系的调查。

  研究人员把后来定期随访的数据收集起来,并且加入了对大脑发育和情感压力水平等因素的考虑。报告说:“智力和压力约占母乳喂养总影响的三分之一(36%):母乳喂养有助于脑部发育,进而促进智力发育,这些都能推动社会地位向上流动。母乳喂养的孩子显现出的压力迹象也较少。”

  作者还指出,母乳含有的长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LCPUFA's),对大脑发育至关重要。


Objective 
To investigate the association between breast feeding and intergenerational social mobility and the possible mediating role of neurological and stress mechanisms.
Design 
Secondary analysis of data from the 1958 and the 1970 British Cohort Studies.
Setting 
Longitudinal study of individuals born in Britain during 1 week in 1958 and 1970.
Participants 
17419 individuals participated in the 1958 cohort and 16 771 in the 1970 cohort. The effect of breast feeding on intergenerational social mobility from age 10/11 to age 33/34 was analysed after multiple imputations to fill in missing data and propensity score matching on a wide range of confounders measured in childhood (1958 cohort N=16 039–16 154; 1970 cohort N=16 255–16 361).
Main outcome measures 
Own Registrar General's Social Class (RGSC) at 33/34 years adjusted for father's RGSC at 10/11 years, gender and their interaction.
Results 
Breastfed individuals were more likely to be upwardly mobile (1958 cohort: OR 1.24 95% CI 1.12 to 1.38; 1970 cohort: OR 1.24 95% CI 1.12 to 1.37) and less likely to be downwardly mobile (1958 cohort: OR 0.81 95% CI 0.73 to 0.90; 1970 cohort: OR 0.79 95% CI 0.71 to 0.88). In an ordinal regression model, markers of neurological development (cognitive test scores) and stress (emotional stress scores) accounted for approximately 36% of the relationship between breast feeding and social mobility.
Conclusions 
Breast feeding increased the odds of upward social mobility and decreased the odds of downward mobility. Consistent with a causal explanation, the findings were robust to matching on a large number of observable variables and effect sizes were alike for two cohorts with different social distributions of breast feeding. The effect was mediated in part through neurological and stress mechanisms.


    

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    2014-04-24 docwu2019
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    2013-06-29 villahu
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