JAMA:氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁治疗阿尔茨海默症的耐受性良好

2015-09-25 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

在阿尔茨海默症患者中,躁动的现象是很常见的,但目前缺乏安全、有效的治疗方法。该研究的目的是评估氢溴酸右美沙芬-硫酸奎尼丁治疗和阿尔茨海默病有关躁动的有效性,安全性和耐受性。该项2阶段随机,多中心,双盲,安慰剂对照试验使用了一个连续的横向对比设计,2个连续5周的治疗阶段,该试验在2012年8月至 2014年8月进行。参与者为可能的阿尔茨海默病患者,临床上有显著躁动症状(临床整体印象,严重躁动得分≥4

在阿尔茨海默症患者中,躁动的现象是很常见的,但目前缺乏安全、有效的治疗方法。该研究的目的是评估氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁治疗和阿尔茨海默病有关躁动的有效性,安全性和耐受性。

该项多中心、双盲、随机安慰剂对照的2阶段试验使用了一个连续的横向对比设计,2个连续5周的治疗阶段,该试验在2012年8月至 2014年8月进行。参与者为可能的阿尔茨海默病患者,临床上有显著躁动症状(临床整体印象,严重躁动得分≥4),并且简易精神状态检查评分为8〜28,美国的42个研究地点参加了本次研究。在该研究中,稳定剂量的抗抑郁药、抗精神病药、安眠药、抗痴呆药物是被允许的。

在阶段1中,220名患者被随机以3:4的比例分配接受氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁(n=93)或安慰剂(n=127)治疗。在第二阶段中,患者继续接受氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁治疗;那些接受安慰剂通过反应进行分层,随机以1:1的比例分配接受氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁(n=59)或安慰剂(n =60)。

主要终点是对神经精神量表(NPI)躁动/攻击行为从基线的变化(刻度范围,0[没有症状]到12[每日有明显症状发生,严重程度显著])。

总共有194例(88.2%)患者完成了研究。根据连续横向对比的设计,在研究期间152例患者接受氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁,127例患者接受安慰剂。结合阶段1(所有患者)和阶段2(再次随机化分配的安慰剂无反应患者)的分析显示,氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁比安慰剂组的患者NPI躁动/攻击评分显著降低(普通最小二乘Z统计,-3.95,P<0.001)。在第一阶段,氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁组患者的平均NPI躁动/攻击分数从7.1降低至3.8,安慰剂组患者从7.0降低至5.3。在第一阶段中组间治疗差异显著(最小二乘法平均,-1.5;95%Cl,-2.3至-0.7;P<0.001)。在第2阶段中,氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁组患者的NPI躁动/攻击评分从5.8降低至3.8,安慰剂组患者从6.7降低至5.8。第2阶段的组间差异也很显著(最小二乘平均,-1.6;95%Cl,-2.9至-0.3;P=0.02)。不良事件包括跌倒(氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁8.6% VS 安慰剂3.9%),腹泻(5.9% VS 3.1%),和泌尿道感染(分别为5.3% VS 3.9%)。氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁严重不良事件发生7.9% VS 安慰剂组发生4.7%。氢溴酸右美沙芬+硫酸奎尼丁与认知障碍、镇静、或临床显著QTc间期延长无关。

在此初步的10周的对可能患有阿尔茨海默症患者的2阶段随机临床试验中,氢溴酸右美沙芬与硫酸奎尼丁结合被证明表现出针对躁动临床相关的功效,一般耐受性良好。

原始出处:

Jeffrey L. Cummings,Constantine G. Lyketsos, Elaine R. Peskind,et al.Effect of Dextromethorphan-Quinidine on Agitation in Patients With Alzheimer Disease Dementia,JAMA,2015.9.22

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