香港大学发表寨卡病毒新成果

2016-03-24 佚名 生物通

在2007年之前,非洲和亚洲感染寨卡病毒(Zika virus)的病例不足20例,而近几年,它却在巴西等国家大规模流行。对此,香港大学的研究人员对流行前和流行中的寨卡病毒开展比较基因组分析,以期找到其中的原因。这项成果于本周发表在《Emerging Microbes & Infections》上。 寨卡病毒是一种新出现的蚊媒病毒。2015年5月,巴西开始出现寨

在2007年之前,非洲和亚洲感染寨卡病毒(Zika virus)的病例不足20例,而近几年,它却在巴西等国家大规模流行。对此,香港大学的研究人员对流行前和流行中的寨卡病毒开展比较基因组分析,以期找到其中的原因。这项成果于本周发表在《Emerging Microbes & Infections》上。

寨卡病毒是一种新出现的蚊媒病毒。2015年5月,巴西开始出现寨卡病毒感染疫情,之后,寨卡病毒在美洲快速蔓延。世界卫生组织称,越来越多的证据表明寨卡病毒与小头症之间存有关联。针对这种疾病,目前尚无特异性治疗办法或者疫苗。最佳预防方式是采取保护措施,避免蚊子叮咬。

在这项研究中,研究人员分析了24株寨卡病毒毒株,它们在GenBank中有完整基因组或完整的多蛋白序列,包括1947年至2015年期间在非洲、亚洲和太平洋地区从人、动物和蚊子上采集的毒株。研究人员还将寨卡样本与其他致病黄病毒的基因组序列进行比较,如Spondweni病毒、登革热病毒和日本脑炎病毒等。

他们构建了系统进化树,并开展了蛋白家族的分析。“我们发现所有编码区域的进化树拓扑结构是相同的,除了非结构2B(NS2B)编码区域,”研究人员写道。“此发现得到了分子重排分析(bootscan analysis)和多序列比对的确认,这表明NS2B与Spondweni病毒发生了遗传重组。”

10个假定的结构和非结构编码区的系统发育分析表明,寨卡毒株聚集在非洲和亚洲谱系,而流行的寨卡毒株聚集在亚洲谱系。值得注意的是,NS2B编码区的树形拓扑结构上有一个改变,可能是寨卡和Spondweni之间发生的重组。

利用24个现有的寨卡基因组序列,研究人员发现Ka/Ks比值很低,这表明寨卡基因组中的所有基因可能处于稳定化选择。在比较流行前的亚洲谱系和流行的寨卡毒株时,他们在后者的基因组中检测到24个氨基酸替换,其中4个与氨基酸的亲水性或疏水性变化相关。

之后,他们又比较了流行前的非洲谱系病毒株和寨卡毒株,检测到75个氨基酸替换。大部分作为标志物,区分了非洲和亚洲谱系,不过有15个只存在于流行的寨卡毒株中,而不存在于2007年之前的毒株中。

作者写道:“我们在整个基因组中检测到多个氨基酸替换以及寨卡毒株3’-UTR中SLI结构的构象改变。我们还检测到寨卡与Spondweni之间可能可能发生重组的NS2B片段。”他们认为,目前需要进一步研究,来确定所有基因组改变的生物学意义。

关于寨卡病毒与小头症之间的关联,研究也已取得突破。3月4日发表在《Cell Stem Cell》杂志上的最新研究显示,寨卡病毒能感染形成大脑皮层的神经干细胞,阻碍这些细胞的生长。

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    2016-10-29 wgx306
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    2016-03-25 milkshark

    厉害的结果

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1922151, encodeId=48a8192215176, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=33915836275' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新成果#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58362, encryptionId=33915836275, topicName=新成果)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4193478, createdName=wgx306, createdTime=Sat Oct 29 07:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2041155, encodeId=842f2041155f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=549110139e9e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#香港大学#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=42, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101397, encryptionId=549110139e9e, topicName=香港大学)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=21015, createdName=heli0118, createdTime=Sat Apr 09 09:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1359994, encodeId=ee7b135999442, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6783466083f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#寨卡病毒#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46608, encryptionId=6783466083f, topicName=寨卡病毒)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Sat Mar 26 01:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1512814, encodeId=3bb91512814c5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0364660360' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#寨卡#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=30, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46603, encryptionId=f0364660360, topicName=寨卡)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d79610514526, createdName=12498710m14暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Mar 26 01:01:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=73714, encodeId=de54e3714f7, content=厉害的结果, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=183, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Fri Mar 25 07:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=73715, encodeId=b8fae3715e3, content=好文章啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=129, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Fri Mar 25 07:14:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-03-25 milkshark

    好文章啊

    0

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