CELL METAB:这种物质可延缓衰老

2016-11-24 生物通 叶予 生物通 叶予

哥本哈根大学和美国NIH的研究人员发现,辅酶NAD+在衰老过程中起到了重要作用,添加这种物质可以延长小鼠和线虫的寿命,延缓它们的衰老过程。 这项发表在Cell Metabolism杂志上的研究,有望为阿尔茨海默症和帕金森症患者带来福利。  随着人类寿命的延长,越来越多的人开始关心自己晚年的健康状态和生活质量。人们普遍认为,DNA修复和线粒体功能对衰老过程有很大影响。DNA修复缺陷和线粒体

哥本哈根大学和美国NIH的研究人员发现,辅酶NAD+在衰老过程中起到了重要作用,添加这种物质可以延长小鼠和线虫的寿命,延缓它们的衰老过程。 这项发表在Cell Metabolism杂志上的研究,有望为阿尔茨海默症和帕金森症患者带来福利。  


随着人类寿命的延长,越来越多的人开始关心自己晚年的健康状态和生活质量。人们普遍认为,DNA修复和线粒体功能对衰老过程有很大影响。DNA修复缺陷和线粒体功能低下也是衰老研究领域的两个主要理论。现在,NAD+将这两个衰老理论关联起来。  

“我们看到了年龄依赖的NAD+水平降低,过早衰老和DNA修复缺陷会使这种现象更为剧烈。令人惊讶的是,添加NAD+可以推迟细胞衰老过程,延长线虫和小鼠的寿命”Vilhelm Bohr教授介绍到。  

研究人员构建了毛细血管扩张性共济失调(A-T)的小鼠和线虫模型。A-T患者会表现出大脑区域退化、DNA修复缺乏和其他早衰症状。“此前的研究显示,NAD+水平降低会导致代谢错误、神经退行性变和衰老,但我们并不清楚其中的机制。我们的新研究表明,NAD+在维持线粒体健康和细胞修复能力中起到了重要作用,”Vilhelm Bohr教授说。  

研究人员还指出,DNA损伤会导致线粒体功能低下,促进AT中的神经退行性变。添加NAD+能阻止线粒体受到损伤。虽然他们目前只测试了NAD+在模式生物中的作用,但他们认为该物质在人体内也能产生同样的效果,因为所有生物的细胞修复机制是通用的。  

自由基在生物学领域常常被视为万恶之源。人们认为这些家伙会损害DNA、RNA和蛋白质,引起衰老和疾病。多年来,科学家们一直在想办法对抗自由基的负面影响。密歇根大学的研究人员最近发现,过多的自由基会激活一种防护性蛋白。这个蛋白的编码基因发生突变,会导致一种罕见的神经退行性疾病。 

从古至今,人类从未停止过对长生不老的追求。“科学狂人”J. Craig Venter对此也很感兴趣,他在2014年创立了人类长寿公司(Human Longevity Inc.)。6月14日Venter带着人类长寿公司在Cell Metabolism杂志上发表文章,探讨了一个衰老基因组的动态。

在人生的最后一段旅程,衰老使人体机能逐渐退化,越来越接近死亡。全面理解人体衰老并不容易,因为这一过程是相当复杂的。中国医学科学院北京协和医学院的研究人员在Cell Systems杂志上发表文章,首次提出了衰老的四个层面,并在这一框架下探讨了衰老研究中的一些问题。文章的通讯作者是刘德培(De-Pei Liu)院士和陈厚早(Hou-Zao Chen)博士。

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    2017-06-16 一闲
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    2017-05-31 guojianrong
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    2017-09-25 维他命
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