WHO发布《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》

2014-12-05 佚名 生物谷

近日,世界卫生组织(WHO)发布了《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》,该指南旨在帮助世界各国更好地预防和控制子宫颈癌。根据WHO,子宫颈癌是全球最致命但最容易预防的女性癌症类型。在全球范围内,每年有超过27万人死于子宫颈癌,其中高达85%的死亡病例发生在发展中国家。 《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》于2014年12月3日在澳大利亚墨尔本举行的《世界癌症领袖峰会》上发布。该指

近日,世界卫生组织(WHO)发布了《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》,该指南旨在帮助世界各国更好地预防和控制子宫颈癌。根据WHO,子宫颈癌是全球最致命但最容易预防的女性癌症类型。在全球范围内,每年有超过27万人死于子宫颈癌,其中高达85%的死亡病例发生在发展中国家。

《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》于2014年12月3日在澳大利亚墨尔本举行的《世界癌症领袖峰会》上发布。该指南更新了《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(2006版)》,其中包括近年来子宫颈癌预防和控制技术与策略方面的最近进展,有望解决子宫颈癌预防和控制方面存在的需求与服务可用性之间的缺口。

新指南的重点内容如下:


利用2针免疫HPV疫苗接种9-13岁女性儿童预防人类乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)的感染。2针免疫程序已被证明与当前的3针免疫程序具有同等的效果,但2针免疫程序使疫苗接种更便利,同时也降低了成本,这对于国家卫生预算紧张但HPV疫苗需求最大的低收入和中等收入国家尤其重要。目前,有超过55个国家已将HPV疫苗纳入女性日常保护管理。令人鼓舞的是,受全球疫苗免疫联盟(GAVI)的支持,越来越多的低收入和中等收入国家正在将HPV疫苗引进纳入日常时间表。(相关阅读:GSK宫颈癌疫苗Cervarix 2针免疫程序获欧盟批准)

利用HPV检测筛查女性预防子宫颈癌。随着HPV检测的普及,筛查的频率将降低。一旦女性筛查结果为阴性,则在至少5年内不用再筛查,但在10年内需再次筛查。与其他类型的检测相比,HPV检测将大大节约医疗卫生系统的成本。

更广泛地交流。新指南建议对更广泛的受众进行沟通交流,包括:青少年、家长、教育工作者、领导人、各级卫生系统工作人员,关注所有年龄段的女性,而非仅仅鼓励29岁以上女性进行筛查。

该指南旨在消除子宫颈癌预防与控制中存在的不平等。在过去30年,由于筛查和治疗方案的发展,很多发达国家子宫颈癌发病率已有所下降。但在同一时间,在大多数发展中国家中,由于医疗卫生服务难以获得、缺乏认识、缺乏筛查及治疗方案,子宫颈癌发病率上升或维持不变。另外,在发达国家,生活在农村和贫穷地区的女性,罹患浸润性子宫颈癌的风险也在增加。新指南强调了解决性别歧视并将一系列其他社会因素(如财富、阶层、教育、宗教、种族)纳入卫生政策和方案的设计。

世界卫生组织生殖健康与研究部门主任Marleen Temmerman指出,除非我们解决性别不平等并确保女性的健康权,否则女性子宫颈癌死亡人数将继续上升。(生物谷Bioon.com)

指南下载地址:
世界卫生组织(WHO)《子宫颈癌综合防治基本实践指南(第二版)》(Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Control: A guide to essential practice - Second edition)


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    2014-12-07 一闲