J Psychop：女性接触大麻或致后代对鸦片类药物成瘾

近日，来自美国康明斯兽医院的研究者研究发现，如果母亲在其青少年时候长期使用大麻，则其以后所生的小孩存在更高风险的药物滥用。文章中，研究者研究了长期暴露于大麻中的青年雌性小鼠的继代影响。持续暴露三天之后，研究者用大麻素受体激动剂WIN-55，212-2对小鼠进行注射（一种和四氢大麻酚具有相同功效的药物，四氢大麻酚是大麻中的活性成分）。经过简单的处理之后，小鼠在其成熟之前都不再进行任何处理。

研究者使用正常雌性小鼠的雄性后代小鼠作为研究对照；相比对照组，研究者们发现在青年期暴露于WIN-55，212-2的小鼠后代更易于选择含有吗啡的盒子（morphine-paired chamber），结果揭示了这些小鼠更偏向于选择阿片剂药物。相关研究成果刊登在了国际杂志Journal of Psychopharmocology上。

研究者John表示，我们的研究兴趣在于研究是否在青春时期使用的物质会诱导机体运动和神经化学的改变，进而影响后代的发育。虽然我们使用的模型（啮齿类动物）和人类的情况不尽相同，但是结果揭示了母体药物的使用，至少在怀孕之间使用可以影响后代的发育。另外，我们需要进行深入的研究来解释母亲青春期药物的使用和后代孩子影响之间的明确关系。

另外也有研究者报道了，孕妇在怀孕期间暴露于大麻素之中会影响新生儿的发育，会导致新生儿认知能力的损害，增加新生儿患抑郁和焦虑的风险。（生物谷Bioon.com）

编译自：Mothers' Teen Cannabinoid Exposure May Increase Response of Offspring to Opiate Drugs

编译者：T.Shen

doi:10.1177/0269881112443745
PMC:
PMID:

Cannabinoid exposure in adolescent female rats induces transgenerational effects on morphine conditioned place preference in male offspring

John J Byrnes, Nicole L Johnson, Marian E Schenk, Elizabeth M Byrnes

In the United States, marijuana is one of the drugs most abused by adolescents, with females representing a growing number of users. In previous studies, treatment of adolescent female rats with morphine significantly altered brain reward systems in future offspring. As both cannabinoid and opioid systems develop during adolescence, it was hypothesized that early exposure to cannabinoids would induce similar transgenerational effects. In the current study, female rats were treated with the cannabinoid receptor (CB1/CB2) agonist WIN 55,212-2 or its vehicle for three consecutive days during adolescent development (30 days of age), and were subsequently mated in adulthood (60 days of age). The adolescent and adult male offspring of these WIN 55,212-2 (WIN-F1)- or vehicle (VEH-F1)-treated females were tested for their response to morphine using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Both adolescent and adult WIN-F1offspring exhibited greater sensitivity to morphine CPP than their VEH-F1 counterparts. Collectively, the findings provide additional evidence of transgenerational effects of adolescent drug use.