JAMA子刊:抗逆转录病毒治疗后卡波西肉瘤继发癌的变化

2017-09-04 xuyihan MedSci原创

20世纪80年代和90年初进行的研究表明患有卡波西肉瘤(KS)人患其他癌症的风险更高。感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/AIDS和KS的流行病学已发生了变化,患有HIV/AIDS和KS的患者现在活得更长。而近日在JAMA上发表的一篇文章则研究了近年来KS患者中继发癌症的发展趋势,并评估了不同时期KS后继发癌症的风险。

20世纪80年代和90年初进行的研究表明患有卡波西肉瘤(KS)人患其他癌症的风险更高。感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/AIDS和KS的流行病学已发生了变化,患有HIV/AIDS和KS的患者现在活得更长。而近日在JAMA上发表的一篇文章则研究了近年来KS患者中继发癌症的发展趋势,并评估了不同时期KS后继发癌症的风险。

该研究利用了检测、流行病学和最终结果(SEER)数据库中9个癌症登记处的纵向数据来确定1973年1月至2013年12月确诊的KS病例。主要结果是KS患者继发癌的发生。只有经诊断为KS后2个月后才考虑继发癌。计算了在前-AIDS时代(1973-1979)、前-高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)时代(1980-1995)和HAATR时代(1996-2013)标准化发病率(SIRs)。然后对1996年-2013年诊断的病例以诊断年龄(<65岁和≥65年)、KS和继发肿瘤之间的潜伏期(1年、2-5年、>5-10年和>10年)及高或低登记报告的HIV/AIDS率进行了子集的层状分析。

研究结果表明在诊断为KS的14905例患者中,13721(92.1%)例在诊断时年龄小于65岁,14356(96.3%)例为男性。从1980到1995年,SIRs对直肠肿瘤为2.01(95% CI,1.00-3.60)、肛门癌症为49.70(95% CI,33.53-70.94)、肝癌症为4.98(95% CI,2.79-8.22)、宫颈癌为13.7(95% CI,2.82-40.03)、霍奇金淋巴瘤为6.4(95% CI,2.76-12.60)和4非霍奇金淋巴瘤为48.97(95% CI,44.85-53.36)。从1996年到2013年,肛门癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤和肝癌仍然与KS有关,以下有显着的SIRs增加:舌癌6.99(95% CI,3.20-13.27)、阴茎癌10.28(95% CI,1.24-37.13)和急性淋巴细胞白血病17.62(95% CI,3.63-51.49)。KS后继发肿瘤的SIR前-HAART到HAART时代从3,36下降到了1.94。

由上述研究可见KS后继发癌症的总风险率显着下降。某些癌症,包括急性淋巴细胞白血病、舌癌和阴茎癌,在HAART时代比前-HAART时代变得更普遍。在KS患者中,密切监测和筛查这些继发癌症是必要的。

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    2018-06-11 hxj0117
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    2018-06-17 mjldent
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    2017-09-15 feifers
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