Medscape:2014年消化科医生生活方式调查报告

2014-04-19 胡添翻译 消化医学界

Medscape网站陆陆续续刊登了25个专科医生的年度生活报告,美国消化科同仁的生活状况如何?一起来看一下吧。 哪些消化科医生超重更严重呢? 2013年来自疾控中心的肥胖报告显示,男女总的肥胖流行率(35%)没有差别。 2013年盖洛普民意调查也支持这一结果。Medscape调查显示,仅7% 的男性消化科医生和 1%的女性消化科医生的BMI ≥

Medscape网站陆陆续续刊登了25个专科医生的年度生活报告,美国消化科同仁的生活状况如何?一起来看一下吧。




哪些消化科医生超重更严重呢?


2013年来自疾控中心的肥胖报告显示,男女总的肥胖流行率(35%)没有差别。 2013年盖洛普民意调查也支持这一结果。Medscape调查显示,仅7% 的男性消化科医生和 1%的女性消化科医生的BMI ≥ 30 。然而,保持健康的体重对于接受调查的医生们仍然是一个问题,与一般人群不同,消化科医生超重者男性(42%)比女性(33%)要多。

消化科医生选择什么样的饮食呢? 

美国心脏协会/美国心脏病学心血管风险学会最新指南推荐地中海式饮食(富含水果,蔬菜,全谷类,鱼,橄榄油,瘦肉家禽,坚果,豆类)。2013年关于健康饮食的盖洛普民意调查发现,60%的美国人每周吃5份水果和四份或四份以上的,其百分比与2012年医师在盖洛普民意测验报告单一样。当Medscape调查的受访者被问及他们的饮食时,只有48%的胃肠病医生提及包含有日常量的水果和蔬菜的饮食。更糟的是,33%的胃肠病医生称他们经常选择使用“meals on-the-go”(快餐食品,垃圾食品,从自动售货机餐)或典型的美国饮食(大部分时间食肉,碳水化合物大部分时间来自白米饭,土豆,或白面粉制品,高脂肪)。虽然有46%的消化科医生表示,他们介于超重与肥胖之间,只有12%的人在减肥或食用热量限制饮食。
 
消化科医师多久在外面点餐一次呢? 

梯形论坛关于外带食品的话题指出,美国分配给外带食品的预算百分比从190年的26.3%上升到2002年的46%。大众媒体随后的报道表明,此后这一比例并没有减少。该论坛还认为,外出就餐更频繁与肥胖,较高的体内脂肪百分比,还有较高的BMI有关,其他研究也有相似的结果。但是,目前尚不能确定是外出就餐与肥胖是否存在联系,或者那些在快餐连锁店就餐的人是否更易肥胖。在Medscape调查中,64%介于超重和肥胖之间的消化科医生的说他们至少一个星期外出就餐一次。但 53%的正常和低体重者也是如此。
 
哪些消化科医师使用膳食补充剂? 


将近一半的美国人使用某种形式的膳食补充剂。年龄和性别会影响膳食补充剂的使用。在大于46岁并参加了Medscape调查的消化科医生中,54%服用膳食补充剂,而45岁及以下的医生该比例为41%。当考虑到性别差异时,57%的女性服用补充剂,而男性为48%。有趣的是,这些结果与最近的护士健康研究(NHS)的分析和卫生专业人员随访研究(HPFS)有差别,他们报导了更高的补充剂的使用率。

消化科医生使用什么膳食补充剂呢?


约26%的胃肠病医生服用多种维生素,比美国一般人群的调查使用率33%要低得多。15%消化科医师服用omega - 3脂肪酸,23%服用维生素D,11%服用钙片。尽管补充抗氧化剂的价值缺乏证据支持,15%消化科医生服用维生素,10%服用辅酶Q10,以防止他汀类药物有关的肌痛。膳食补充剂在卫生专业人员中的使用率在1986年和2006年间有所增长,特别是在妇女服用维生素D( 2.2%至32.2%)和叶酸(0.8%至10.7%)方面。鱼油的使用在男女性中都升高(女性为1.6%至18.1%,男性为3.3%至22.2%)。另一方面,抗氧化剂维生素A , β-胡萝卜素,维生素C和维生素E的使用稳步下降。
  
哪些医生会休假超过4星期呢? 


最近的一份涉及了21个高收入国家的报告中显示,美国是唯一一个不给员工提供带薪休假的国家。美国人每年享受平均16个带薪休假日和节假日,这比其他富裕国家的公民少(例如,意大利,新西兰,比利时有30天;法国有31天西班牙和德国有34天)。在所有医生当中,休假时间由于科室不同差别很大。麻醉医生和放射科医生有一半称他们每年享受超过4周的假期。消化科医生排名居中,只有19%的消化科医生每年享受超过4周的假期。内分泌科医生最惨,只有11%休假超过4星期,其次是家庭医生,内科和整形外科医生,只有13%享受这么长的假期。

医生在哪里的幸福感更高? 

    
62%的消化科医生认为,在家里非常高兴。只有44%的消化科医师认为在工作中十分高兴。70%左右的皮肤科医生和眼科医生认为在家里很开心,而只有52%重症和传染病医师认为在家里很开心。皮肤科医生也是在工作中最开心的医生,有53%自称在工作中非常高兴。在工作中最不快乐的是家庭医生和急诊医生,只有36%认为自己在工作中很开心。37%的内科医生和放射科医生认为自己在工作中很开心。

消化科医生每周至少运动两次者所占百分比 


2012年的盖洛普民意调查显示,54.7%的美国人,每周运动3次以上,而在同年医生的盖洛普民意测验中,58%的医生声称运动相同的次数。当根据体重来查看运动频率时,当前Medscape调查中那些正常体重的的消化科医生做得最好,其中66%的人每周至少锻炼两次。53%的超重者,37%的肥胖者声称,他们每周至少锻炼2次。

消化科医师每周喝几次酒呢? 
    

Medscape调查显示,消化科医生并不嗜酒。男性和女性消化科医生不喝酒的比例分别为31%和40%,而47%的女性和51%的男性声称他们可能一周都不喝酒。

哪些医生存款最多? 
    

77%骨科医师声称自己有足够的储蓄,名列榜首,紧随其后的是眼科医生(76%)。消化科医生为69%,排名中上水平。只有57%的家庭医生和内科医生认为自己储蓄可观。多年来,初级保健医生和许多专家之间的收入差距一直是矛盾的焦点。《平价医疗法案》的部分修改就是为了解决这一问题,但这会起到多大的作用尚不清楚。

消化科医生婚姻状态 

    
在过去的几十年里,美国人初婚的年龄和持续时间有很大的改变。现在,人们初婚时年纪更大,与非配偶在一起时间更长。约一半的婚姻以离婚告终。据疾控中心统计,2000年至2011年间,结婚率下降了9%,而离婚率增加了7%。消化科医生似乎在这方面做得不错。尽管女性消化科医生(78%)相比,男性消化科医生(85%) 更可能结婚或同居。

原始出处:

Carol Peckham.Medscape Gastroenterologist Lifestyle Report 2014.Medscape January 23, 2014

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    2014-05-14 feather89
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    2014-06-19 smlt2008
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    2014-04-21 zhaojie88
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