Stroke:老年脑内存在白质高信号及其半暗带的连续性损伤

2014-05-27 佚名 丁香园

目前大量证据显示临床上静止性脑损伤,包括MRI显示的梗死,液体衰减反转恢复(FLAIR)序列显示的白质高信号(WMH),弥散张量成像(DTI)显示的白质损伤以及T1加权MRI成像显示的组织萎缩等,自然而然在中年人中出现的越来越多,并且其与晚期多种神经系统疾病发生风险增高相关,包括卒中,痴呆以及认知功能下降。因此,预防或者延缓这些静止性脑损伤是目前研究的一个主要目标。WMH半暗带是一个新兴的术语,用

目前大量证据显示临床上静止性脑损伤,包括MRI显示的梗死,液体衰减反转恢复(FLAIR)序列显示的白质高信号(WMH),弥散张量成像(DTI)显示的白质损伤以及T1加权MRI成像显示的组织萎缩等,自然而然在中年人中出现的越来越多,并且其与晚期多种神经系统疾病发生风险增高相关,包括卒中,痴呆以及认知功能下降。因此,预防或者延缓这些静止性脑损伤是目前研究的一个主要目标。【原文下载】

WMH半暗带是一个新兴的术语,用于表述WMH周围特定的区域,其损伤严重程度较WMH低,并且有可能转化为WMH.然而,目前尚没有研究追踪WMH以及其周围半暗带随时间的变化过程以及预后。为此,来自加利福尼亚大学Owen T. Carmichael等教授进行了一项研究,旨在采用纵向的弥散张量成像以及FLAIR成像研究WMH以及其周围的半暗带随时间的变化关系。研究结果发现WMH及其半暗带在严重程度上存在差异,但可形成连续性损伤,损伤程度随时间而加重,研究发表在最近的《卒中》杂志。

研究入选了115例受试者,平均年龄为73.7±6.7岁,分别在2个日期接受临床评估和MRI成像。通过FLAIR和弥散张量成像得到WMH以及异向性分数(FA)图,并且共配准至一个标准化的空间。每一个明显的WMH被分类至增长性,停滞性或非连续性散发性WMH.类似的,每一个WMH的半暗带也被分为对应的停滞性,增长性,或非连续性散发性WMH的半暗带。采用线性混合效应模型评估FA和FLAIR检测值在基线和随访时是否发生变化,在组织分类间是否有不同。

研究发现,根据组织学分类不同,基线FA值存在显著差异,从最高FA值到最低值,各个分类顺序如下:半暗带排序为非连续性散发性,停滞性,增长性;WMH排序为非连续性散发性,停滞性,增长性。尽管基线值存在差异,所有组织学分类的FA值均随时间而降低。只有非连续性散发性WMH的FLAIR信号值随时间显著增加,停滞性WMH的FLAIR信号值显著减少。

研究者认为,WMH及其半暗带在严重程度上存在差异,它们在一起横跨一个连续性白质损伤谱,并随时间而加重。FLAIR不能够完全反映这种连续性损伤的过程,但是明确了一个损伤亚组的表现似乎随着时间而有所改善。

原始出处:


Maillard P1, Fletcher E, Lockhart SN, Roach AE, Reed B, Mungas D, Decarli C, Carmichael OT.White Matter Hyperintensities and Their Penumbra Lie Along a Continuum of Injury in the Aging Brain.Stroke. 2014 Apr 29. [Epub ahead of print]【原文下载】

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