凌云鹏教授团队圆满完成INSPIRIS RESILIA¹瓣膜主动脉瓣置换联合CABG治疗的全国首秀!

2021-08-20 “Clinic門诊新视野”公众号 “Clinic門诊新视野”公众号

2021年7月7日,北京大学第三医院凌云鹏教授团队率领心脏瓣膜团队使用INSPIRIS RESILIA[1]主动脉瓣生物瓣(以下简称INSPIRIS[1]),为一例主动脉瓣重度狭窄合并冠心病(三支血管

2021年7月7日,北京大学第三医院凌云鹏教授团队率领心脏瓣膜团队使用INSPIRIS RESILIA[1]主动脉瓣生物瓣(以下简称INSPIRIS[1]),为一例主动脉瓣重度狭窄合并冠心病(三支血管病变)患者实施了“正中开口主动脉瓣生物瓣置换术+非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术”治疗,成功完成了INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜主动脉瓣置换联合CABG治疗的全国“首秀”!临床中,同期处理心脏瓣膜和冠状动脉病变可显着增加手术操作的繁琐程度,手术时间、心肌缺血时间、体外循环时间的延长往往导致手术死亡率明显高于单纯行CABG或心脏瓣膜手术。虽然存在上述挑战,但整个手术进展十分顺利,且术后患者恢复情况良好。当然,该例患者能如此优异的手术结果,不仅与凌云鹏教授团队精湛的手术操作以及默契的团队配合密切相关,同时INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜本身也发挥了很好的助力作用,完全环上瓣、更紧凑的缝合环、免水洗等种种优势一定程度可缩短心脏阻断时间,进而降低心脏长时间阻断相关不良事件的风险。

病例描述 | 主动脉瓣狭窄重度伴轻度关闭不全

患者男,62岁,高血压病史35年,糖尿病病史20年,吸烟史40年,以“间断胸闷10年”为主诉入院。患者自述10年前无明显诱因出现活动后胸闷、阵发性气促,体力活动时症状加重,伴阵发性心慌,自觉心动加速;病程中不伴心前区闷痛、运动耐量下降、乏力、发热、胸痛。为求进一步诊治,收入住院治疗。超声心动图检查显示,主动脉瓣重度狭窄伴轻度关闭不全,主动脉瓣增厚、钙化,回声增强,开放受限,瓣上血流速度增高,峰值跨瓣压差(PPG)72 mmHg,平均压差(MPG)40 mmHg,瓣口面积0.9 cm2;室间隔增厚;左房、右房增大;LVEF 65%;心功能II级。

综合上述评估结果,这是一例冠心病合并主动脉瓣膜病患者,应为其实施“正中开口主动脉瓣生物瓣置换术+非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术”治疗;在众多生物瓣膜产品中,考虑到INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜自身具备的种种优势,可为患者带来良好的远期预后,则最终决定为其植入一枚23 mm型号的INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜。

手术过程 | 正中开口主动脉瓣生物瓣置换术+非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术

患者取平仰卧位,全身麻醉成功后常规消毒皮肤、铺单;经胸骨正中锯开胸骨,取左侧乳内动脉和大隐静脉;切开心包,探查见右心室及左右心房均轻度扩大,主动脉正常,未触及明显钙化斑块;全身肝素化后,升主动脉、右心房腔静脉插管建立体外循环,经右上肺静脉插左心引流管至左室;体外循环辅助,降温至心脏室颤,心脏局部冰屑降温保护,分离左室表面粘连;阻断升主动脉,探查发现主动脉瓣重度狭窄,切除病变瓣膜,间断10针缝合爱德华生物瓣23号于主动脉瓣位,4-oprolene线缝合主动脉切口,大隐静脉-LCX远端侧吻合,过1.75分流栓,再行大隐静脉-RCA主干侧吻合,过2.0分流栓,最后做大隐静脉-升主动脉吻合,行LIMA-LAD吻合,过1.75分流栓,排气打结;开放循环,自动复跳,循环稳定,左房压不高;在血管活性药物辅助下,逐步减体外循环流量至停机,测桥血管流量满意。鱼精蛋白中和肝素,拔出体外循环各插管,予以药物辅助下循环稳定,心脏收缩功能良好,心率约80次/分左右。充分止血后,检查各吻合口及切口内无活动性出血,留置心包纵横引流管后,逐层缝合胸骨及各层,带气管插管返回CRU。

术后点评 | INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜的应用,

可为瓣膜病患者提供全生命周期保护

凌云鹏教授:这是一例62岁的男性患者,超声检查提示主动脉瓣重度狭窄合并轻度关闭不全,需行手术治疗。因患者低龄、心功能稍差且美国胸外科医师学会(STS)评分低,系外科手术低危患者,故外科换瓣手术应是其更佳选择。而在与患者的沟通中了解到,患者本人还是较为倾向于TAVR这一微创处理方式,综合考虑之下团队决定为患者实施右胸小切口微创换瓣手术。但在手术开展前,常规冠脉造影检查却显示,患者同时存在3支血管病变,右冠状动脉近段90%左右狭窄,左冠状动脉80%以上狭窄。一时之间,“庐山真面目”终被识破,原来这并不是一例单纯的瓣膜疾病患者,而是一例冠心病合并主动脉瓣膜病患者,患者亦存在心肌缺血,且心肌异常肥厚,有必要同期处理心脏瓣膜和冠状动脉病变。结合既往循证证据与临床经验,正中开胸主动脉瓣置换联合CABG治疗是这类患者合适的处理方案,在获得患者知情同意的基础上本团队遂作出上述策略的调整。

在手术方案确定之后,下一步则需明确置换瓣膜的类型。从指南建议方面来看,该例患者年龄仅为62岁,相对更适合于植入机械瓣膜。不过,因该患者对术后的长期生活质量要求较高,在术前沟通中同样表达出了强烈的生物瓣植入意愿。在这种情况下,我们关注到新型INSPIRIS[1]生物瓣,这款瓣膜经全封闭抗钙化技术处理,拥有卓越的耐久性,一定程度上可推迟患者因瓣膜衰败需再次手术的时间。除此之外,INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜另一独特之处在于,其瓣架具有可扩展性,可为患者未来瓣中瓣技术的实施提供便利;即使患者在几十年后出现瓣膜衰败,也可凭借该款瓣膜“可扩展瓣架”设计再植入一枚介入瓣膜,有助于规避高龄开刀换瓣所带来的种种痛楚,真正实现患者全生命周期的保护。

临床实践中,同期处理心脏瓣膜和冠状动脉病变可使得手术操作变得更为复杂,手术时间、心肌缺血时间、体外循环时间均被延长,导致手术死亡率明显高于单纯行CABG或心脏瓣膜手术。为最大程度提高手术成功率、改善患者预后,术中应积极做好心肌保护。众所周知,心脏停搏液灌注冠状动脉促使心脏停搏是心脏直视手术中心肌保护的主要方法;一般情况下,心脏停搏液往往可经冠状动脉口或冠状静脉窦口顺利灌注心脏,且分布十分均匀;但对于本次患者而言,其不仅冠脉存在严重狭窄病变,而且心肌本身较厚,术中就极为可能出现心肌保护不到位的情况。正是清楚认识到了这一点,本团队在实际操作中更是谨慎万分,这也为本次手术的顺利完成奠定了基础。此外,INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜的应用一定程度上也可缩短心脏阻断时间,降低心脏长时间阻断相关不良事件的风险,主要体现在两点:其一,INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜是一款干瓣,不需如湿瓣那般特别进行术前水洗,打开包装后即可直接使用;其二,INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜也是一款完全环上瓣,特别采用了改良缝合环设计,使得缝合瓣环的过程中置针更为轻松。在此基础上,可将该款瓣膜瓣环上的三个标记线对齐缝合交界,顺利完成人工瓣膜的落座打结。

近年来,随着人们对术中创伤小、术后恢复快等要求,瓣膜病介入治疗技术备受广大患者与临床医师的关注与青睐,在介入治疗手段不断优化、瓣膜产品改进升级的过程中,这项技术的适用人群肯定也会快速扩展。在此背景下,作为心外科医师的我们不仅需要与时俱进、积极学习新技术,而且也应深知,每一种手术方式均存在一定风险;外科修复/置换手术作为既往瓣膜疾病主要的治疗手段,也有着自身独特的、其他技术无法取代的优势,对于瓣膜疾病合并冠心病等特殊类型的患者,这种治疗方式往往给大多数患者提供了选择。当然,在介入治疗在我国快速发展的同时,外科治疗领域也取得了不错的成绩;本次手术所应用的一款外科生物瓣膜——INSPIRIS[1]瓣膜,便承载着当今外科主动脉瓣膜置换领域先进技术,其在中国的成功上市及未来更为广泛的临床推广,势必可为国内主动脉疾病患者治疗提供全新选择,并带来更多获益!

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    2021-09-20 yxch48
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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1742759, encodeId=473e1e42759f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=39cae96626f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置换#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79662, encryptionId=39cae96626f, topicName=置换)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a7c35056336, createdName=yxch48, createdTime=Mon Sep 20 13:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332805, encodeId=74b7133280522, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415769, encodeId=8b171415e69ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1583696, encodeId=ebc415836960b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=508d68e698c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瓣膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68769, encryptionId=508d68e698c, topicName=瓣膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=58dc16986228, createdName=12498e5fm17(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588474, encodeId=34ca15884e4d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1742759, encodeId=473e1e42759f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=39cae96626f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#置换#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=79662, encryptionId=39cae96626f, topicName=置换)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3a7c35056336, createdName=yxch48, createdTime=Mon Sep 20 13:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-09-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1332805, encodeId=74b7133280522, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1dd6231822d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉瓣#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23182, encryptionId=1dd6231822d, topicName=主动脉瓣)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc4b2500077, createdName=hittouch, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1415769, encodeId=8b171415e69ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=04812314540' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#主动脉#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=21, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23145, encryptionId=04812314540, topicName=主动脉)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=77603112682, createdName=circumcision, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1583696, encodeId=ebc415836960b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=508d68e698c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#瓣膜#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=68769, encryptionId=508d68e698c, topicName=瓣膜)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=58dc16986228, createdName=12498e5fm17(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1588474, encodeId=34ca15884e4d0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1cb8e014e0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ESI#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7014, encryptionId=1cb8e014e0, topicName=ESI)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f4f817593223, createdName=skhzy, createdTime=Sun Aug 22 09:56:56 CST 2021, time=2021-08-22, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-08-22 skhzy