Cell Stem Cell:“人源化”实验鼠有助攻克干细胞疗法难题

2014-01-08 MedSci MedSci原创

美国和中国科学家报告说,他们利用一种“人源化”实验鼠,攻克了限制当前干细胞疗法发展的免疫排斥难题。   来自美国加州大学圣迭戈分校的徐洋教授团队与深圳儿童医院付雪梅教授团队、吉林大学第一附属医院杨永广教授团队在美国《细胞—干细胞》杂志上说,两种免疫抑制分子组合使用,能有效保护异体人类胚胎干细胞分化的细胞及组织免于免疫排斥。   据徐洋介绍,人类胚胎干细胞可分化成人体内的

美国和中国科学家报告说,他们利用一种“人源化”实验鼠,攻克了限制当前干细胞疗法发展的免疫排斥难题。
 
来自美国加州大学圣迭戈分校的徐洋教授团队与深圳儿童医院付雪梅教授团队、吉林大学第一附属医院杨永广教授团队在美国《细胞—干细胞》杂志上说,两种免疫抑制分子组合使用,能有效保护异体人类胚胎干细胞分化的细胞及组织免于免疫排斥。
 
据徐洋介绍,人类胚胎干细胞可分化成人体内的各种细胞及组织,所以对治疗人类重大疾病有巨大潜力。但目前干细胞疗法发展面临的一个主要瓶颈就是移植后的免疫排斥。
 
新研究的成功关键在于开发出一种“人源化”实验鼠。徐洋表示,虽然小鼠和人的免疫系统有很 多相似处,但它们也有很多不同的地方,所以小鼠模型中获得的关于防止免疫排斥的策略在人的临床试验中大多以失败告终。为解决这个问题,他们将人胚胸腺及胚肝中的造血干细胞移植到免疫缺陷小鼠体内,培育出“人源化”实验鼠,它们会有效排斥异体人类胚胎干细胞分化而来的组织及细胞。
 
利用“人源化”实验鼠,他们对各种免疫抑制分子及其组合进行了测试,结果发现CTLA4-lg和PD-L1能极好地发挥作用,其中前者是美国食品药品监督管理局批准的类风湿关节炎治疗药物,而后者是一种已知在肿瘤诱导免疫耐受中起重要作用的蛋白。
 
徐洋认为,从“人源化”实验鼠中得到的免疫抑制策略“更有可能在人的临床试验中成功”,而接下来他们将在大动物比如猴子中验证此免疫抑制策略。

原始出处:

Rong Z, Wang M, Hu Z, Stradner M, Zhu S, Kong H, Yi H, Goldrath A, Yang YG, Xu Y, Fu X.An Effective Approach to Prevent Immune Rejection of Human ESC-Derived Allografts.Cell Stem Cell. 2014 Jan 2;14(1):121-30

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    2014-07-04 维他命
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    2014-01-09 仁心济世

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